ovelists and playwrights. From Chamisso's
_Abba Glusk Leczeka_ to Korolenko's _Skazanye o Florye Rimlyaninye_,
czars have died or have been assassinated, statesmen have risen and
fallen, but the Russian Jew, like the heroes of the poem or novel, did
not wait to conquer by submitting. Thanks to his indomitable spirit he
has made unexampled progress. Within the last twenty-five years he has
not only emancipated himself, but he is now the most potent factor in
the struggle for the emancipation of his countrymen. Within these years
he has become the recognized torch-bearer of liberty and enlightenment
in darkest Russia. Uvarov justified his inhuman treatment of the Jews by
the plea that they are "orthodox and believers in the Talmud." The
latest excuse (1904) of von Plehve was that "if we admitted Jews to our
universities without restriction, they would surpass our Russian
students and dominate our intellectual life." But neither the former
prevails, nor the latter, nor their henchmen who fill the columns of the
Grazhdanin, Kievlyanin, Novoye Vremya, and the like. The words and
writings of such noble and world-famous Russians as Popoff, Demidov,
Strogonoff, Bershadsky, Shchedrin, Tolstoi, and the cream of the Russian
"intelligentia," as well as such foreigners as Mommsen, Gladstone,
Leroy-Beaulieu, and Michael Davitt, will have their salutary effect. The
consciousness of the Russian people will awaken. The attitude lately
manifested both in St. Petersburg and the provinces against the
_Kontrabandisti_, a libellous play written by an apostate Jew, Levin,
will become more and more general. Then the heroic effort and the
unexampled progress of the Russian Jews will be more fully appreciated,
and a patriotic nation will gratefully acknowledge its indebtedness to
that smallest but most energetic and self-sacrificing portion of its
heterogeneous population, the Jews, who have done so much, not only for
Jewish Russians, but for Christian Russians as well, to hasten the time
when "many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased."

(Notes, pp. 327-330.)

NOTES

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE NOTES

AZJ = Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums, Leipsic, 1837--
FKI = Fuenn, Keneset Yisrael, Warsaw, 1860.
FKN = Fuenn, Kiryah Ne'emanah, Vilna, 1860.
FSL = Fuenn, Safah le-Ne'emanim, Vilna, 1881.
GMC = Ginzberg and Marek, Yevreyskiya Narodniya Pyesni, St. Petersburg,
1901.
HUH = Harkavy, Ha-Yehudim u-Sefat ha-