work on Hasidism is
Zweifel's Shalom 'al Yisrael, 4 vols., Zhitomir, 1868-1872.]

[Footnote 12: Ha-Boker Or, iv. 103-105: [Hebrew: H'fkormot Mn Nshmot
M'lh Hngon.]]

[Footnote 13: Cf. Emden, op. cit., p. 185, and Shimush, Amsterdam, 1785,
pp. 78-80, with Pardes, ii. 204-214.]

[Footnote 14: See Schechter, op. cit., pp. 73-93; Silber, Elijah Gaon,
1906; Levin, 'Aliyat Eliyahu, Vilna, 1856, and FKN, pp. 133-155.]

[Footnote 15: Levin, op. cit., pp. 28-30.]

[Footnote 16: See Ha-Bikkurim, i. 1-26; ii. 1-20; Ha-Zeman (monthly),
1903, ii. 6; Plungian, Ben Porat, Vilna, 1858, p. 33; Keneset Yisrael,
iii. 152 seq.]

[Footnote 17: Sirkes (Bayit Hadash, Cracow, 1631, p. 40) decides that
Jews may employ in their synagogue melodies used in the church, since
"music is neither Jewish nor Christian, but is governed by universal
laws." See also Hayyim ben Bezalel's Wikkuah Mayim Hayyim, Introduction,
and passim.]

[Footnote 18: See J.S. Raisin, Sect, Creed and Custom in Judaism,
Philadelphia, 1907, p. 9, and ch. viii.; Ha-Meliz, x. 186, 192-194.]

[Footnote 19: See Ha-Zeman (monthly), 1903, ii. 7.; Shklov, Euclidus,
Introduction; Keneset Yisrael, 1887, and Hagra on Orah Hayyim, Shklov,
1803, Introduction.]

[Footnote 20: See Graetz, op. cit, xi. 590, 604, 606. The Gaon, who as a
rule was very mild, lost patience with the Hasidim and wielded the
weapons of the kuni (or stocks and exposures) and excommunication
without mercy. The Hasidim were also accused of being not only religious
dissenters but revolutionaries. Zeitlin, quoted in Yiddishes Tageblatt,
from the Moment, March, 1913.]

[Footnote 21: See Karpeles, Time of Mendelssohn, p. 297; Kayserling,
Mendelssohn, p. 12; Ha-Meliz, 1900, nos. 194-196.]

[Footnote 22: Epstein, Geburat ha-Ari, Vilna, 1870, p. 29; Rabinovich,
Zunz, Warsaw, 1896; Wessely, op. cit., ii.; Linda, Reshit Limmudim,
Berlin, 1789, and Ha-Zeman (monthly), ii. 28.]

[Footnote 23: Delitzsch, Zur Geschichte der juedischen Poesie, Leipsic,
1836, p. 118; Bernfeld, Dor Tahapukot, Warsaw, 1897, pp. 88 f. Dubno
also edited Luzzatto's La-Yesharim Tehillah, which, according to
Slouschz, marks the beginning of the renaissance in Hebrew
belles-lettres.]

[Footnote 24: Published in Berlin in 1793. It was translated into
English by Murray (Solomon Maimon, Boston, 1888) and into Hebrew by
Taviov (Warsaw, 1899).]

[Footnote 25: Bernfeld, op. cit., ii. 66 f. JE, s.v. Maimon; and
Autobiography (Engl. transl.), p.