note 7: Ha-Meliz, 1900, no. 123; Luah Ahiasaf, 5696, p. 312;
Zablotzky and Massel, Ha-Yizhari, Manchester, 1895, Introduction;
Ha-Meliz, xxxvii, no. 36; The Menorah, April, 1904.]

[Footnote 8: Yalkut Ma'arabi, 1904, pp. 46 f.]

[Footnote 9: Ha-Shahar, x. 511, 30; Habazelet, 1882, no. 2.]

[Footnote 10: Ha-Le'om, 1906, nos. 21-22; Belkind, in Ha-Zefirah, no.
46, 1913; Lubarsky and Lewin-Epstein, Derek Hayyim, New York, 1905.]

[Footnote 11: Greenstone, The Messiah Idea in Jewish History, ch. viii.]

[Footnote 12: The Progress of Zionism, pp. 3-4; cf. Voskhod, 1895, iv.]

[Footnote 13: Zamenhof's new universal language was primarily intended
to be the international language of his people, "who are speechless, and
therefore without hope, scattered over the world, and hence unable to
understand one another, obliged to take their culture from strange and
hostile sources."]

[Footnote 14: Ahiasaf, iv.; Gordon, op. cit., i. xxi; Razsvyet, 1882,
i.; Magil's Kobez (Collection), no. 3, p. 45.]

[Footnote 15: Ha-Meliz, 1899, no. 256; 1901, no. 2; weekly Voskhod,
1893, no. 40; monthly Voskhod, 1894, iv. Some Jewish financiers erected
gymnasia in Vilna and Warsaw, improved the condition of the hadarim, and
turned many Talmud Torahs into technical schools. Of the Lodz Talmud
Torah a writer says that "no Jewish community, even outside of Russia,
possesses such an institution, not excepting the Hirsch schools in
Galicia."]

[Footnote 16: London, Unter juedischen Proletariern, 1898, pp. 81-83;
Bramson, K Istorii, etc., pp. 63-69, 71-74; Ha-Meliz, xli., no. 246
(1901, no, 35); Ha-Zefirah, xxix., no. 285; and the Jewish Gazette, July
16, 1909 (Kunst und Nationalismus). The Ha-Zamir (a choral society),
founded in Lodz by Nissan Schapira, counts its members by the
thousands.]

[Footnote 17: London, op. cit, pp. 64-74; Ha-Meliz, 1900, nos. 192-193;
Rubinow, op. cit., pp. 530-532, 548-553, 561-566.]

[Footnote 18: Ha-Meliz, 1901, nos. 20, 27, 36, 54, 95.]

[Footnote 19: Atlas, Mah Lefanim u-mah Leaher, pp. 53 f.; Ha-Meliz,
1900, no. 47; 1901, no. 27.]

[Footnote 20: Ha-Meliz, 1901, no. 87.]

[Footnote 21: Reflexions sur l'etat des israelites russes, Odessa, 1871,
pp. 121-122.]

[Footnote 22: Kayserling, Die juedischen Frauen, Leipsic, 1879, pp.
306-313; Rubinow, op. cit., p. 581. The Russian Jewess has already
produced several writers above the average (Einhorn, Mosessohn, Ben
Yehudah, Sarah and Eva Schapira) in Hebrew, has