e 10: Formerly called "Philadelphia."]

[Footnote 11: _Cf._ Report of Pedro Rache, _Inspector do Servico de
Povoamento_, in _Relatorio._]

[Footnote 12: Koehler was born in Mainz in 1810. At the age of 23 he
went to Brazil and soon became a naturalized citizen of the country. He
entered the government service and was promoted to the rank of major in
the engineering corps in 1842. Died in Petropolis in 1847.]

[Footnote 13: _Cf._ report of the inspector Antonio Ribeiro de Castro
Sobrinho in _Relatorio._]

[Footnote 14: _V._ Marcondes de Souza: _O Estado de Sao Paulo_, p. 195.
_Cf._ statement by Ernst Heinke in _Jahrbuch, Erstes_ ..., p. 250.]

[Footnote 15: I.e., lease of a section of land for the return of
one-half of the yearly products.]

[Footnote 16: A Prussian ministerial decree (also adopted by other
German states) forbidding the emigration of German citizens to Brazil.
In 1896 it was revoked for the three most southern states of Brazil,
i.e., Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catharina and Parana.]

[Footnote 17: _Cf._ statements by C.F. Scheler in _Jahrbuch, Erstes_
..., p. 175 ff.]

[Footnote 18: In 1828 according to Grossi, p. 168.]

[Footnote 19: Parana was separated from Sao Paulo in 1853.]

[Footnote 20: _V._ Sellin, _Das Kaiserreich Brasilien_, Vol. II, p.
111.]

[Footnote 21: _Cf._ report of the inspector Manoel F. Ferreira Correia
in _Relatorio._]

[Footnote 22: Information furnished by Johann Potucek,
Austro-Hungarian Consul in Curityba.]

[Footnote 23: This is commonly referred to as the first colony in Santa
Catharina. However, Grossi (p. 168) refers to a _Colonia Alemao o
Conselheiro Pedreira_ (state colony) founded in 1827.]

[Footnote 24: Lacmann (p. 8) states that _Gross Itajahy_ was founded in
1829.]

[Footnote 25: Born 1819 at Hasselfelde in Braunschweig. Specialized in
pharmacy. In 1849 came to Brazil and laid out plans for a colony. From
1850 to 1880 he was primarily occupied in directing the colony which
bears his name. This colony was emancipated in 1880, but Dr. Blumenau
remained on the scene of his former activities until 1884, when he
returned to Germany. Died 1898.]

[Footnote 26: _V. Le Bresil Meridional,_ p. 309.]

[Footnote 27: The term "municipio" denotes a city or town together with
the surrounding districts coming under the same jurisdiction; frequently
(as used in this work) an emancipated colony.]

[Footnote 28: According to census of 1907 and calculations to date