tempt to
avoid the dictates of the draft law and black enlistments. Maj. Gen.
Anthony C. McAuliffe, the G-1, advised against integrating the
organized white units on the grounds that experience gained thus far
on the social impact of integration was inadequate to predict its
effect on "overall Army efficiency." Since the Army could not continue
assigning more men to the overstrength black units, McAuliffe wanted
to organize additional black units to accommodate the excess, and he
asked Maj. Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, the G-3, to activate the necessary
units.[17-10]

[Footnote 17-9: Memo, ASA for SA, 3 Apr 51, sub:
Present Overstrength in Segregated Units, G-1
291.2.]

[Footnote 17-10: Memo, G-1 for CofS, 26 May 51, sub:
Present Overstrength in Segregated Units; DF, G-1
for G-3, 16 Apr 51, sub: Training Spaces for Negro
Personnel; both in G-1 291.2.]

The chief of the Army Field Forces was even more direct. Integration
was untimely, General Mark W. Clark advised, and the Army should
instead reimpose the quota and push for speedy implementation of the
Secretary of Defense's directive on the qualitative distribution (p. 433)
of manpower.[17-11] Clark's plea for a new quota was one of many
circulating in the staff since black enlistment percentages started to
rise. But time had run out on the quota as a solution to overstrength
black units. Although the Army staff continued to discuss the need for
the quota, and senior officials considered asking the President for
permission to reinstitute it, the Secretary of Defense's acceptance of
parity of enlistment standards had robbed the Army of any excuse for
special treatment on manpower allotments.[17-12]

[Footnote 17-11: Memo, CG, AFF, for G-1, 8 May 51,
sub: Negro Strength in the Army, G-1 291.2.]

[Footnote 17-12: Memo, ASA for SA, 1 Jul 51, and Draft
Memo, SA for President (not sent), both in SA
291.2.]

[Illustration: MEN OF BATTERY A, _159th Field Artillery Battalion,
fire 105-mm. howitzer, Korea, August 1950_.]

McAuliffe's recommendation for additional black units ran into serious
opposition and was not approved. Taylor's staff, concerned with the
practical problems of Army organization, objected to the proposal,
citing budget limitations