ple-minded in this manner,
without paying any heed to the claims of conscience in these wrongs.

452. The different kinds of these ministers of the devil in the olden
days, so far as I have examined them, are twelve, and they are as
follows, according to their own old names for them: sonat, catalonan,
mangagavay, manyisalat, mancocolam, hocloban, silagan, magtatangal,
osuang, mangagayoma, pangatahoan, and bayoguin.

453. The sonat was equivalent to a bishop among them; and they all
reverenced him as one who pardoned sins, and ordained others as priests
and priestesses. They expected salvation through him, and he could
condemn them all. This office was general throughout these islands,
but it was held only by the chiefest and most honored, as it was of
great esteem among them. It is said that this office came from the
Borneans. Some try to make out that he was the master of a kind of
exercise that is not decent, but I have found nothing certain among
the much that I have examined.

454. The catalonan (as remarked above) was the priest or priestess
of their sacrifices; and although his office was an honorable one,
it was only while the sacrifice was pending, for after that they paid
but scant attention to him.

455. The mangagavay were the sorcerers who gave and took away health
and life by their sorceries. It was an office general throughout
this archipelago.

456. The manyisalat was the sorcerer appointed for lovers. The
mancocolam was the sorcerer or witch who belched forth fire from
himself, which could not be extinguished with any application except
by his rolling himself in the ordure and filth that falls from the
houses into the silong; and the master of the house where he rolled
himself died and there was no remedy. The hocloban was another kind of
sorcerer more efficacious than the others, since without any medicine
he could kill, overturn houses, and work other destruction. This is
in Catanduanes, but the two preceding ones are general.

457. The silagan's duty was to draw out the entrails and eat them,
from all persons whom he saw dressed in white. That happened toward
Catanduanes; and it is not fable, since our Fray Juan de Merida buried
a Spanish clerk in Calilaya to whom this misfortune had happened. The
magtatangal is said to have been a man who left his body without head
and intestines, and that the head wandered about hither and thither
during the night in different parts of the world, and in the m