e owner may subject
them to various processes necessary to fit them for the market, such as
the repacking and mixing of tea, the racking, vatting, mixing and
bottling of wines and spirits, the roasting of coffee, the manufacture
of certain kinds of tobacco, &c., and certain specific allowances are
made in respect of waste arising from such processes or from leakage,
evaporation and the like.

BONDU, a French protectorate in West Africa, dependent on the colony of
Senegal. Bondu lies between the Faleme river and the upper course of the
Gambia, that is between 13 deg. and 15 deg. N., and 12 deg. and 13 deg.
W. The country is an elevated plateau, with hills in the southern and
central parts. These are generally unproductive, and covered with
stunted wood; but the lower country is fertile, and finely clothed with
the baobab, the tamarind and various valuable fruit-trees. Bondu is
traversed by torrents, which flow rapidly during the rains but are empty
in the dry season, such streams being known in this part of West Africa
as _marigots_. The inhabitants are mostly Fula, though the trade is
largely in the hands of Mandingos. The religion and laws of the country
are Mahommedan, though the precepts of that faith are not very
rigorously observed. Mungo Park, the first European traveller to visit
the country, passed through Bondu in 1795, and had to submit to many
exactions from the reigning prince. The royal residence was then at
Fatteconda; but when Major W. Gray, a British officer who attempted to
solve the Niger problem, visited Bondu in 1818 it had been removed to
Bulibani, a small town, with about 3000 population, surrounded by a
strong clay wall. In August 1845 the king of Bondu signed a treaty
recognizing French sovereignty over his country. The treaty was
disregarded by the natives, but in 1858 Bondu came definitely under
French control. The country has since enjoyed considerable prosperity
(see SENEGAL).

See A. Rancon, _Le Bondou: etude de geographie et d'histoire
soudaniennes de 1681 a nos jours_ (Bordeaux, 1894).

BONE, HENRY (1755-1834), English enamel painter, was born at Truro. He
was much employed by London jewellers for small designs in enamel,
before his merits as an artist were well known to the public. In 1800
the beauty of his pieces attracted the notice of the Royal Academy, of
which he was then admitted as an associate; in 1811 he was made an
academician. Up to 1831 he executed many beau