es of the
time are inlaid with marqueterie, edged with exotic woods, set in gilded
bronze, or enriched with panels of Oriental lacquer.

BONI (_Bone_), a vassal state of the government of Celebes, Dutch East
Indies, in the south-west peninsula of Celebes, on the Gulf of Boni.
Area, 2600 sq. m. It produces rice, tobacco, coffee, cotton and
sugar-cane, none of them important as exports. The breeds of buffaloes
and horses in this state are highly esteemed. The chief town, Boni, lies
80 m. N.E. of Macassar, and 2-1/2 m. from the east coast of the peninsula.
The native race of Bugis (q.v.), whose number within this area is
about 70,000, is one of the most interesting in the whole archipelago.

Boni was once the most powerful state of Celebes, all the other princes
being regarded as vassals of its ruler, but its history is not known in
detail. In 1666 the rajah Palakkah, whose father and grandfather had
been murdered by the family of Hassan, the tyrant of Sumatra, made
common cause with the Dutch against that despot. From that date till the
beginning of the 19th century Dutch influence in the state remained
undisputed. In 1814, however, Boni fell into the hands of the British,
who retained it for two years; but by the European treaties concluded on
the downfall of Napoleon it reverted to its original colonizers. Their
influence, however, was resisted more than once by the natives. An
expedition in 1825, under General van Geen, was not fully successful in
enforcing it; and in 1858 and the following year two expeditions were
necessary to oppose an attempt by the princess regent towards
independence. In 1860 a new prince, owning allegiance to the Dutch, was
set up. As in other native states in Celebes, succession to the throne
in the female line has precedence over the male line.

For the wars in Boni, see Perelaer, _De Bonische expeditien,
1859-1860_ (Leiden, 1872); and Meyers, in the _Militaire Spectator_
(1880).

BONIFACE, SAINT (680-754), the apostle of Germany, whose real name was
Wynfrith, was born of a good Saxon family at Crediton or Kirton in
Devonshire. While still young he became a monk, and studied grammar and
theology first at Exeter, then at Nutcell near Winchester, under the
abbot Winberht. He soon distinguished himself both as scholar and
preacher, and had every inducement to remain in his monastery, but in
716 he followed the example of other Saxon monks and set out as
missionary to Frisia.