w-court buildings, several high-grade schools and a theatre.

By far the finest of the buildings, however, is the famous university,
which occupies the larger part of the southern frontage of the town. The
present establishment only dates from 1818, and owes its existence to
King Frederick William III. of Prussia; but as early as 1786 the academy
which had been founded about nine years before was raised by Archbishop
Maximilian Frederick of Cologne to the rank of a university, and
continued to exercise its functions till 1794, when it was dissolved by
the last elector. The building now occupied by the university was
originally the electoral palace, constructed about 1717 out of the
materials of the old fortifications. It was remodelled after the town
came into Prussian possession. There are five faculties in the
university--a legal, a medical, and a philosophic, and one of Roman
Catholic and another Protestant theology. The library numbers upwards of
230,000 volumes; and the antiquarian museum contains a valuable
collection of Roman relics discovered in the neighbourhood. Connected
with the university are also physiological, pathological and chemical
institutes, five clinical departments and a laboratory. An academy of
agriculture, with a natural history museum and botanic garden attached,
is established in the palace of Clemensruhe at Poppelsdorf, which is
reached by a fine avenue about a mile long, bordered on both sides by a
double row of chestnut trees. A splendid observatory, long under the
charge of Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander, stands on the south side of the
road. The Roman Catholic archiepiscopal theological college, beautifully
situated on an eminence overlooking the Rhine, dates from 1892.

Beethoven was born in Bonn, and a statue was erected to him in the
Munster-platz in 1845. B.G. Niebuhr is buried in the cemetery outside of
the Sterntor, where a monument was placed to his memory by Frederick
William IV. Here are also the tombs of A.W. von Schlegel, the
diplomatist Christian Karl von Bunsen, Robert Schumann, Karl Simrock,
E.M. Arndt and Schiller's wife. The town is adorned with a marble
monument commemorating the war of 1870-71, a handsome fountain, and a
statue of the Old Catholic bishop Reinkens. In 1889 a museum of
Beethoven relics was opened in the house in which the composer was born.
There are further a municipal museum, arranged in a private house since
1882, an academic art museum (1884), with some