d married a daughter of Marshal de
Biron. He returned, however, after a short time to the Austrian army,
and fought with distinction at Belgrade. He might now have risen to the
highest rank, had he not made himself disagreeable to Prince Eugene, who
sent him as master of the ordnance to the Low Countries. There his
ungovernable temper led him into a quarrel with the marquis de Prie,
Eugene's deputy governor in the Netherlands, who answered his challenge
by placing him in confinement. A court-martial was again held upon him,
and he was condemned to death; but the emperor commuted the sentence to
one year's imprisonment and banishment. Bonneval, soon after his
release, offered his services to the Turkish government, professed the
Mahommedan faith, and took the name of Ahmed. He was made a pasha, and
appointed to organize and command the artillery. He rendered valuable
services to the sultan in his war with Russia, and with the famous Nadir
Shah. As a reward he received the governorship of Chios, but he soon
fell under the suspicion of the Porte, and was banished for a time to
the shores of the Black Sea. He was meditating a return to Europe and
Christianity when he died at Constantinople on the 23rd of March 1747.

The _Memoirs_ published under his name are spurious. See Prince de
Ligne, _Memoire sur le comte de Bonneval_ (Paris, 1817); and A.
Vandal, _Le Pacha Bonneval_ (Paris, 1885).

BONNEVILLE, BENJAMIN L.E. (1795-1878), American military engineer and
explorer, was born in France about 1795. He emigrated to the United
States in early youth, and graduated at the United States Military
Academy at West Point in 1815. He was engaged in the construction of
military roads in the south-west, and became a captain of infantry in
1825. In 1831-1836, having obtained leave of absence from the army, he
conducted, largely on his own responsibility, an exploring expedition to
the Rocky Mountains, proceeding up the Platte river through parts of the
later states of Colorado and Wyoming into the Great Salt Lake basin and
thence into California. After being absolutely cut off from civilization
for several years, and having his name struck from the army list, he
returned with an interesting and valuable account of his adventures,
which was edited and amplified by Washington Irving and published under
the title _The Rocky Mountains: or Scenes, Incidents, and Adventures in
the Far West; from the Journal of Captain Benjamin L.E.