ther hand is a typical plain's
_tahsil_. It has on the Chenab a wide riverain, which also separates the
uplands of the Gujrat _tahsil_ from that river. The Jhelam valley is
much narrower. Above the present Chenab alluvial tract there is in
Phalia a well tract known as the Hithar whose soil consists of older
river deposits, and at a higher level a Bar, which will now receive
irrigation from the Upper Jhelam Canal and become a rich agricultural
tract. 26 p.c. of the cultivated area is irrigated from wells. Jats and
Gujars are the great agricultural tribes, the former predominating. The
climate is mild and the rainfall sufficient. The chief crops are wheat
and _bajra_.

[Sidenote: Area, 2813 sq. m.
Cultd area,
1162 sq. m.
Pop. 511,575;
88 p.c. M.
Land Rev.
Ra. 752,758
= L50,183.]

The ~Jhelam district~ lies to the north of the river of the same name.
The district is divided into three _tahsils_, Jhelam, Chakwal, Pind
Dadan Khan. The river frontage is long, extending for about 80 miles,
and the river valley is about eight miles wide. The district contains
part of the Salt Range, from the eastern end of which the Nili and Tilla
spurs strike northwards, enclosing very broken ravine country called the
Khuddar. The Pabbi tract, embracing the Chakwal _tahsil_ and the north
of the Jhelam _tahsil_, is much less broken, though it too is scored by
deep ravines and traversed by torrents, mostly flowing north-west into
the Sohan river. Two large torrents, the Kaha and the Bunhar, drain into
the Jhelam. There are some fertile valleys enclosed in the bare hills of
the Salt Range. The average rainfall is about 20 inches and the climate
is good. It is hot in summer, but the cold weather is long, and
sometimes for short periods severe. There is little irrigation and the
harvests are by no means secure. The chief crops are wheat and _bajra_.
The country breeds fine horses, fine cattle, and fine men. Numerically
Jats, Rajputs, and Awans are the principal tribes, but the Janjuas and
Gakkhars, though fewer in number, are an interesting element in the
population, having great traditions behind them. Awans, Janjuas, and
Gakkhars supply valuable recruits to the army. Most of the villages are
far from any railway.

[Illustration: Fig. 104.]

[Sidenote: Area, 2010 sq. m.
Cultd area,
937 sq. m.
Pop. 547,827;
83 p.c. M.
Land Rev.
Rs. 674,650
= L44,977.]

[Illustration: Fig. 105.]

~Rawalpindi~ is the smallest district in the divisi