are all Rajputs, who came
under our protection at the close of the Gurkha War.

The watershed of the Sutlej and Jamna runs through the tract. The range
which forms the watershed of the Sutlej and the Jamna starts from the
Shinka Pass on the south border of Bashahr and passes over Hattu and
Simla. In Bashahr it divides the catchment areas of the Rupin and Pabar
rivers, tributaries of the Tons and therefore of the Jamna, from those
of the Baspa and the Nogli, which are affluents of the Sutlej. West of
Bashahr the chief tributary of the Jamna is the Giri and of the Sutlej
the Gambhar, which rises near Kasauli. In the east Bashahr has a large
area north of the Sutlej drained by its tributary the Spiti and smaller
streams. In the centre the Sutlej is the northern boundary of the Simla
Hill States. In the west Bilaspur extends across that river. The east of
Bashahr is entirely in the Sutlej basin.

[Sidenote: Area, 448 sq. m.
Pop. 93,107.
Rev. Rs. 190,000
= L12,666.]

~Bilaspur.~--This is true also of Bilaspur or Kahlur (map, p. 284),
which has territory on both banks of the river. The capital, Bilaspur,
is on the left bank only 1455 feet above sea level. The present Raja
Bije Chand, C.S.I., succeeded in 1889.

[Sidenote: Area, 3881 sq. m.
Pop. 93,203.
Rev. Rs. 95,000
= L6233.]

~Bashahr.~--The chain which forms the watershed of the Sutlej and Jamna
rises from about 12,000 feet at Hattu in the west to nearly 20,000 feet
on the Tibet border. Two peaks in the chain exceed 20,000 feet. Further
north Raldang to the east of Chini is 21,250 feet high, and in the
north-east on the Tibet border there are two giants about 1000 feet
higher. Generally speaking the Sutlej runs in a deep gorge but at Chini
and Sarahan the valley widens out. The main valley of the Pabar is not
so narrow as that of the Sutlej, while the side valleys descend in easy
slopes to the river beds. The Baspa has a course of 35 miles. In the
last ten miles it falls 2000 feet and is hemmed in by steep mountains.
Above this gorge the Baspa valley is four or five miles wide and
consists of a succession of plateaux rising one above the other from the
river's banks. Bashahr is divided into two parts, Bashahr proper and
Kunawar. The latter occupies the Sutlej valley in the north-east of the
State. It covers an area of about 1730 square miles and is very sparsely
peopled. In the north of Kunawar the predominant racial type is
Mongoloid and the religion is Buddhi