lace in
Muhammadan times. Deserted in the great famine of 1783 it was refounded
in 1838. On the Rewari--Bhatinda Branch of the Rajputana--Malwa Railway.
Has a brisk trade with Rajputana.

~Thanesar~ (~Karnal~), 29.6 N.--76.5 E. See pages 165 and 168. Noted
place of pilgrimage. Headquarters of a _tahsil_. Population 4719. The
old Hindu temples were utterly destroyed apparently when Thanesar was
sacked by Mahmud in 1014. There is a fine tomb of a Muhammadan Saint,
Shekh Chilli.

(_b_) _Jalandhar Division._

~Aliwal~, 30.6 N.--75.4 E. Scene of Sir Harry Smith's victory over the
Sikhs on 28th January, 1846.

~Dharmsala~ (~Kangra~), 32.1 N.--76.1 E. Headquarters of district. On a
spur of the Dhauladhar Range. A Gurkha regiment is stationed here. The
highest part of Dharmsala is over 7000 feet, and the scenery is very
fine, but the place is spoiled as a hill station by the excessive
rainfall, which averages over 120 inches. In the earthquake of 1905,
1625 persons, including 25 Europeans, perished.

~Fazilka~ (~Ferozepore~), 30.3 N.--74.3 E. Headquarters of sub-division
and _tahsil_. Population 10,985. Terminus of Fazilka extension of
Rajputana--Malwa Railway, and connected with Ludhiana by a line which
joins the Southern Panjab Railway at Macleodganj. A grain mart.

~Ferozepore~, 30.6 N.--74.4 E. Headquarters of district. Population
50,836 including 26,158 in Cantonment. (See page 245.)

~Ferozeshah~ (~Ferozepore~), 30.5 N.--74.5 E. The real name is
Pherushahr. Sir Hugh Gough defeated the Sikhs here after two days' hard
fighting on Dec. 21-22, 1845.

~Jalandhar~, 31.2 N.--75.3 E. Headquarters of district. Population
69,318, including 13,964 in Cantonment. The Cantonment lies four miles
to the S.E. of the native town and three miles from the Civil Lines.
(See page 241.)

~Jawala Mukhi~ (~Kangra~), 31.5 N.--76.2 E. Celebrated place of Hindu
pilgrimage with a famous temple of the goddess Jawalamukhi, built over
some jets of combustible gas.

~Kangra~, 30.5 N.--76.2 E. Headquarters of _tahsil_. Ancient name
Nagarkot. The celebrated temple and the fort of the Katoch kings of
Kangra were destroyed in the earthquake of 1905. (See pages 168, 171,
183.)

~Ludhiana~, 30.6 N.--75.5 E. Headquarters of district. Population
44,170. The manufacture of _pashmina_ shawls was introduced in 1833 by
Kashmiris. Ludhiana is well known for its cotton fabrics and turbans (p.
152).

~Mudki~ (~Ferozepore~), 30.5 N.--74.5 E. The open