In Oregon
and Washington a very large tree, covering extensive swamps; in the
mountains much smaller, skirting the water courses. An important
lumber tree. The wood takes a fine polish; suitable for interior
finishing, as there is much variety of shading in the color.
Washington to northern California and eastward to Montana.

=3. White Cedar= (_Chamaecyparis thyoides_). Medium-sized tree. Heartwood
light brown with rose tinge, sapwood paler. Wood light, soft, not
strong, close-grained, easily worked, very durable in contact with the
soil and very fragrant. Used in boatbuilding cooperage, interior
finish, fence posts, railway ties, etc. Along the coast from Maine to
Mississippi.

=4. White Cedar= (_Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana_) (Port Orford Cedar, Oregon
Cedar, Lawson's Cypress, Ginger Pine). A very large tree. A fine,
close-grained, yellowish-white, durable timber, elastic, easily
worked, free of knots, and fragrant. Extensively cut for lumber;
heavier and stronger than any of the preceding. Along the coast line
of Oregon.

=5. White Cedar= (_Libocedrus decurrens_) (Incense Cedar). A large tree,
abundantly scattered among pine and fir. Wood fine-grained. Cascades
and Sierra Nevada Mountains of Oregon and California.

=6. Yellow Cedar= (_Cupressus nootkatensis_) (Alaska Cedar, Alaska
Cypress). A very large tree, much used for panelling and furniture. A
fine, close-grained, yellowish white, durable timber, easily worked.
Along the coast line of Oregon north.

(_b_) Red Cedars

=7. Red Cedar= (_Juniperus Virginiana_) (Savin Juniper, Juniper, Red
Juniper, Juniper Bush, Pencil Cedar). Heartwood dull red color, thin
sapwood nearly white. Close even grain, compact structure. Wood light,
soft, weak, brittle, easily worked, durable in contact with the soil,
and fragrant. Used for ties, posts, interior finish, pencil cases,
cigar boxes, silos, tanks, and especially for lead pencils, for which
purpose alone several million feet are cut each year. A small to
medium-sized tree scattered through the forests, or in the West
sparsely covering extensive areas (cedar brakes). The red cedar is the
most widely distributed conifer of the United States, occurring from
the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from Florida to Minnesota. Attains a
suitable size for lumber only in the Southern, and more especially the
Gulf States.

=8. Red Cedar= (_Juniperus communis_) (Ground Cedar). Small-sized tree,
its maximum he