ia pecan_) (Illinois Nut). A large tree, very common
in the fertile bottoms of the western streams. Indiana to Nebraska and
southward to Louisiana and Texas.

HOLLY

=47. Holly= (_Ilex opaca_). Small to medium-sized tree. Wood of medium
weight, hard, strong, tough, of exceedingly fine grain, closer in
texture than most woods, of white color, sometimes almost as white as
ivory; requires great care in its treatment to preserve the whiteness
of the wood. It does not readily absorb foreign matter. Much used by
turners and for all parts of musical instruments, for handles on whips
and fancy articles, draught-boards, engraving blocks, cabinet work,
etc. The wood is often dyed black and sold as ebony; works well and
stands well. Most abundant in the lower Mississippi Valley and Gulf
States, but occurring eastward to Massachusetts and north to Indiana.

=48. Holly= (_Ilex monticolo_) (Mountain Holly). Small-sized tree. Wood
in its quality and uses similar to the preceding, but is not very
generally known. It is found in the Catskill Mountains and extends
southward along the Alleghanies as far as Alabama.

HORSE CHESTNUT (See Buckeye)

IRONWOOD

=49. Ironwood= (_Ostrya Virginiana_) (Hop Hornbeam, Lever Wood).
Small-sized tree, common. Heartwood light brown tinged with red,
sapwood nearly white. Wood heavy, tough, exceedingly close-grained,
very strong and hard, durable in contact with the soil, and will take
a fine polish. Used for small articles like levers, handles of tools,
mallets, etc. Ranges throughout the United States east of the Rocky
Mountains.

LAUREL

=50. Laurel= (_Umbellularia Californica_) (Myrtle). A Western tree,
produces timber of light brown color of great size and beauty, and is
very valuable for cabinet and inside work, as it takes a fine polish.
California and Oregon, coast range of the Sierra Nevada Mountains.

LOCUST

=51. Black Locust= (_Robinia pseudacacia_) (Locust, Yellow Locust,
Acacia). Small to medium-sized tree. Wood very heavy, hard, strong,
and tough, rivalling some of the best oak in this latter quality. The
wood has great torsional strength, excelling most of the soft woods in
this respect, of coarse texture, close-grained and compact structure,
takes a fine polish. Annual rings clearly marked, very durable in
contact with th