its length, surmounted by a short, open, irregular
crown. When growing in the open, the tree maintains a straight stem,
but the crown extends almost to the ground, and is of conical shape.
Yellow poplar, or tulip wood, ordinarily grows to a height of from 100
to 125 feet, with a diameter of from 3 to 6 feet, and a clear length
of about 70 feet. Trees have been found 190 feet high and ten feet in
diameter. Used in cooperage, for siding, for panelling and finishing
lumber in houses, car- and shipbuilding, for sideboards, panels of
wagons and carriages, for aeroplanes, for automobiles, also in the
manufacture of furniture farm implements, machinery, for pump logs,
and almost every kind of common woodenware, boxes shelving, drawers,
etc., etc. Also in the manufacture of toys, culinary woodenware, and
backing for veneer. It is in great demand throughout the vehicle and
implement trade, and also makes a fair grade of wood pulp. In fact the
tulip tree is one of the most useful of woods throughout the
woodworking industry of this country. Occurs from New England to
Missouri and southward to Florida.

TUPELO (See Gum)

WAAHOO

=105. Waahoo= (_Evonymus atropurpureus_). (Burning Bush, Spindle Tree).
A small-sized tree. Wood white, tinged with orange; heavy, hard,
tough, and close-grained, works well and stands well. Used principally
for arrows and spindles. Widely distributed. Usually a shrub six to
ten feet high, becoming a tree only in southern Arkansas and Oklahoma.

WALNUT

=106. Black Walnut= (_Juglans nigra_) (Walnut). A large, beautiful, and
quickly-growing tree, about 60 feet and upwards in height. Wood heavy,
hard, strong, of coarse texture, very durable in contact with the
soil. The narrow sapwood whitish, the heartwood dark, rich, chocolate
brown, sometimes almost black; aged trees of fine quality bring fancy
prices. The wood shrinks moderately in seasoning, works well and
stands well, and takes a fine polish. It is quite handsome, and has
been for a long time the favorite wood for cabinet and furniture
making. It is used for gun-stocks, fixtures, interior decoration,
veneer, panelling, stair newells, and all classes of work demanding a
high priced grade of wood. Black walnut is a large tree with stout
trunk, of rapid growth, and was formerly quite abundant throughout
the Alleghany region. Occurs from New England to Te