0th October 1780. At seventeen
years of age she married General Leclerc, a staff officer of Napoleon,
and accompanied him to St Domingo, where he died of yellow fever in
1802. Returning to Paris she espoused Prince Camillo Borghese (August
23, 1803) and went to reside with him in Rome. She soon tired of him,
returned to Paris and gratified her whims in ways that caused some
scandal. In 1806 she received the title of duchess of Guastalla. Her
offhand treatment of the new empress, Marie Louise, in 1810 led to her
removal from court. Nevertheless in 1814 she repaired with "Madame Mere"
to Elba, and is said to have expressed a wish to share Napoleon's exile
in St Helena. She died in 1825 of cancer. Canova's statue of her as
Venus reclining on a couch is well known.

See J. Turquan, _Les Soeurs de Napoleon: les princesses Elisa, Pauline
et Caroline_ (Paris, 1896); F. Masson, _Napoleon et sa famille_ (4
vols., Paris, 1897-1900).

6. Caroline Murat.

VI. MARIA ANNUNCIATA CAROLINE (1782-1839) was born at Ajaccio on the
25th of March 1782. Early in 1800 she married Joachim Murat, whose
interests she afterwards advanced with all the power of her ambitious
and intriguing nature. He became governor of Paris, marshal of France
(1804), grand duke of Berg and of Cleves (1806), lieutenant of the
emperor in Spain (1808), and early in the summer of that year king of
Naples. The distance of this capital from Paris displeased Caroline; her
relations with Napoleon became strained, and she associated herself with
the equivocal movements of her husband in 1814-1815. Before his tragic
end at Pizzo on the 13th of October 1815, she had retired to Austrian
territory and was placed under some measure of restraint. Finally she
lived at Trieste with her sister Elisa. She died on the 18th of May
1839.

See J. Turquan, _Caroline Murat, reine de Naples_ (Paris, 1899); F.
Masson, _Napoleon et sa famille_ (4 vols., Paris, 1897-1900). See also
under MURAT, JOACHIM.

7. Jerome Bonaparte.

VII. JEROME (1784-1860) was born at Ajaccio on the 15th of November
1784; he shared the fortunes of the family in the early years of the
French Revolution, was then educated at Juilly and was called to the
side of his brother, then First Consul of France, in 1800. Many stories
are told illustrating his impetuous but affectionate nature. While in
the Consular Guard he fought a duel with the younger brother of General
Davout and was wounded. So