pman is
cognate with cheap, chaffer, Chipping, Copenhagen, Ger. kaufen, to
buy, etc.

Adam Hoppe.

Hobbs, Hobson, Hopkins.

An example of the interchange of b and P (Chapter III). Hob is
usually regarded as one of the rimed forms from Robert (Chapter VI).

Roger Crom.

Crum, Crump.

Lit. crooked, cognate with Ger. krumm. The final -p of Crump is
excrescent (Chapter III).

Stephen Cornevaleis

Cornwallis, Cornish.

A name which would begin in Devonshire (Chapter XI).

Hundred Rolls

Modern Form

Walter de Ibernia

Ireland

A much more common name than Scotland, which has been squeezed out by
Scott (Chapter XI).

Matilda filia Matildae

Mawson (for Maud-son), Till, Tilley, Tillett, Tillotson, etc.

One of the favourite girl-names during the surname period (Chapter X).

Ralph Vouler.

Fowler

A West-country pronunciation; cf. Vowle for Fowell, Vokes for Foakes
(Chapter VI), Venn for Fenn, etc.

John filius Thomae.

Thompson, Tompkins, Tomlin, etc.

One of the largest surname families. It includes Toulmin, a
metathesis of Tomlin. In Townson and Tonson it coalesces with Tony,
Anthony.

Henry Bolle.

Bull.

In this case evidently a nickname (Chapter I).

Roger Gyle.

Gill.

For names in Gil- see Chapter VI. The form in the roll may, however,
represent an uncomplimentary nickname, "guile."

Walter Molendarius.

Miller, Mellen, Milner.

In Milne, Milner, we have the oldest form, representing Vulgar Lat.
molina, mill cf. Kilner, from kiln, Lat. culina, kitchen. Millard
(Chapter XIX) is perhaps sometimes the same name with excrescent -d.

Thomas Berker.

Barker.

A man who stripped bark, also a tanner. But as a surname reinforced
by the Norman form of Fr. berger, a shepherd (Chapter XV).

Hundred Rolls

Modern Form

Matthew Hedde.

Head.

Sometimes local, at the head, but here a nickname; cf. Tate, Tail,
sometimes from Fr. tete (Chapter XIII).

Richard Joyet.

Jowett, Jewett.

A diminutive either of Joy or of Julian, Juliana. But it is possible
that Joy itself is not the abstract noun, but a shortened form of
Julian.

Adam Kyg.

Ketch, Beach

An obsolete adjective meaning lively (Chapter XXII).

Simon filius Johannis Nigelli.

Johnson, Jones, Jennings, etc.

The derivatives of John are numerous and not to be distinguished from
those of Joan, Jane (Chapter X).

The above lists illustrate all the simpler ways