.
_Dat._ -num -num -num.
_Gen._ -nna -nna -nna.

Whence, as an affix, in composition,

_Neut._ _Masc._ _Fem._

_Sing. Nom._ Augat Boginn T['u]ngan.
_Acc._ Augat Boginn T['u]nguna.
_Dat._ Auganu Boganum T['u]ngunni.
_Gen._ Augans Bogans T['u]ngunnar.
_Plur. Nom._ Augun Bogarnir T['u]ngurnar.
_Acc._ Augun Bogana T['u]ngurnar.
_Dat._ Augunum Bogunum T['u]ngunum.
_Gen._ Augnanna Boganna T['u]ngnanna.

In the Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish this peculiarity in the position of
the definite article is preserved. Its origin, however, is concealed; and
an accidental identity with the indefinite article has led to false notions
respecting its nature. In the languages in point the i is changed into e,
so that what in Icelandic is it and in, is in Danish et and en. _En_,
however, as a separate word, is the numeral _one_, and also the indefinite
article _a_; whilst in the neuter gender it is _et_--en sol, _a sun_; et
bord, _a table_: solon, _the sun_; bordet, _the table_. From modern forms
like those just quoted, it has been imagined that the definite is merely
the indefinite article transposed. This it is not.

To apply an expression of Mr. Cobbet's, _en_ = _a_, and -en = _the_, are
_the same combination of letters, but not the same word_.

s. 41. Another characteristic of the Scandinavian language is the
possession of a _passive_ form, or a _passive_ voice, ending in -st:--_ek_,
_thu_, _hann brennist_ = _I am_, _thou art_, _he is burnt_; _ver brennumst_
= _we are burnt_; _th['e]r brennizt_ = _ye are burnt_; _their brennast_ =
_they are burnt_. Past tense, _ek_, _thu_, _hann brendist_; _ver
brendumst_, _th['e]r brenduzt_, _their brendust_. Imperat.: _brenstu_ = _be
thou burnt_. Infinit.: _brennast_ = _to be burnt_.

In the modern Danish and Swedish, the passive is still preserved, but
without the final t. In the _older_ stages of Icelandic, on the other hand,
the termination was not -st but -sc; which -sc grew out of the reflective
pronoun _sik_. With these phenomena the Scandinavian languages give us the
evolution and development of a passive voice; wherein we have the following
series of changes:--1. the reflective pronoun coalesces with the verb,
whilst the sense changes from that of a reflective to that of a middle
verb;