x; ripe in September. A small tree, 20 to 50 ft. high; wet banks,
Kentucky and southward; hardy as far north as Philadelphia.

[Illustration: P. acuminata.]

2. =Planera acuminata.= (KIAKA ELM OR JAPAN PLANER-TREE.) Leaves large,
glossy, smooth, deeply notched, on red stems; young shoots also red.
This is a larger, more hardy, and finer tree than the American
Planer-tree, and should be more extensively cultivated.

The Caucasian Planer-tree (_Planera parvifolia_), with very small
leaves, is also occasionally cultivated.

GENUS =76. CELTIS.=

Trees or shrubs with alternate, simple, 2-ranked, oblique, serrate
leaves. Flowers inconspicuous, greenish, axillary. Fruit berry-like,
sweet, edible drupes, about the size of a currant, with one seed; color
dark; ripe in autumn.

* Leaves usually sharply serrate 1.

* Leaves almost entire 2.

[Illustration: C. occidentalis.]

1. =Celtis occidentalis=, L. (SUGARBERRY. HACKBERRY.) Leaves ovate,
obliquely subcordate to truncate at base, long-acuminate, serrate (at
least near the apex), rough above and hairy beneath. Fruit a
single-seeded, 1/4 in., globular drupe, solitary on a peduncle, 1 in.
long, in the axils of the leaves; purple when ripe in autumn.

Shrub (var. _pumila_) to large tree, 6 to 50 ft. high; throughout; rare
north, abundant south. Sometimes cultivated. The branches are numerous,
slender, horizontal, giving the tree a wide-spreading, dense top.

[Illustration: C. Mississippiensis.]

2. =Celtis Mississippiensis=, Bosc. Leaves almost entire, with a very
long, tapering point, a rounded and mostly oblique base, thin and
smooth. Fruit smaller than that of the preceding species. A small tree
with rough, warty bark. Illinois and southward.

GENUS =77. MACLURA.=

Trees or shrubs with milky juice and simple, alternate, entire,
deciduous leaves, generally having a sharp spine by the side of the bud
in the axils. Flowers inconspicuous; in summer. Fruit large, globular,
orange-like in appearance.

[Illustration: M. aurantiaca.]

=Maclura aurantiaca=, Nutt. (OSAGE ORANGE. BOW-WOOD.) Leaves rather
thick, ovate to ovate-oblong, almost entire, smooth and shining above,
strong-veined and paler beneath, 4 in. long by 2 in. wide; spines
simple, about 1 in. long. Fruit as large as an orange, golden-yellow
when ripe. A medium-sized tree, 20 to 50 ft. high; native west of the
Mississi