short, rigid, straight spines.
A large tree, 50 to 130 ft. high, wild from Delaware, south and west, in
swamps and old fields.

[Illustration: P. ponderosa.]

8. =Pinus ponderosa=, Dougl. (WESTERN YELLOW OR HEAVY-WOODED PINE.)
Leaves in threes, 5 to 10 in. long, from short sheaths; broad, coarse,
twisted, flexible, of a deep green color; branchlets thick, reddish
brown. Cones 3 to 4 in. long, ovate, reflexed, clustered on short stems.
Scales long, flattened, with small, sharp, recurved prickles. A large
Pacific coast species, 100 to 300 ft. high, with rather coarse-grained,
hard and heavy, whitish wood, and thick, deeply furrowed bark; beginning
to be cultivated east.

[Illustration: P. paltustris.]

9. =Pinus palustris=, Mill. (LONG-LEAVED OR SOUTHERN YELLOW PINE.)
Leaves 3 together in bundles, 10 to 15 in. long, from a long, lacerated,
light-colored sheath, of a bright green color, and crowded in dense
clusters at the ends of the branches. Cones 6 to 10 in. long, usually
cylindric, of a beautiful brown color, with thick scales, armed with
very small, slightly recurved prickles. A rather tall pine, 75 ft. high,
wild in the Southern States, and cultivated as far north as New Jersey,
in sheltered situations.

[Illustration: P. rigida.]

10. =Pinus rigida=, Mill. (PITCH-PINE.) Leaves in threes, 3 to 5 in.
long, from short sheaths; rigid and flattened. Cones ovate, 1 in. to
nearly 4 in. long, sometimes in clusters; scales with a short, recurved
prickle. A medium-sized tree, 40 to 70 ft. high, with hard,
coarse-grained, very resinous wood; found east of the Alleghanies
throughout; more abundant in swamps.

[Illustration: P. Austriaca.]

11. =Pinus Austriaca=, Hoess. (AUSTRIAN OR BLACK PINE.) Leaves long, 3 to
5 in., rigid, slender, incurved, sharply mucronate, of a dark green
color; from short sheaths; 2 together. Cones 2 1/2 to 3 in. long,
regularly conical, slightly recurved, of a light brown color; scales
smooth, shining, with a dull spine in the center. A large cultivated
tree, 60 to 80 ft. high, hardy throughout. Europe.

[Illustration: P. Laricio.]

12. =Pinus Laricio=, Poir. (CORSICAN PINE.) Leaves 4 to 6 in. long,
slender, very wavy, dark green; 2 together in a sheath. Cones 2 to 3 in.
long, conical, somewhat curved, often in pairs. Scales with very small
prickles. Seeds rather large with broad wings. A tall, open, pyramidal,
rapid-growing tree, 60 to 100 ft. high, with the branches in regular
whorls,