ted for the showy clusters of berries in autumn.

[Illustration: P. sambucifolia.]

8. =Pyrus sambucifolia=, Cham. & Schlecht. (ELDER-LEAVED
MOUNTAIN-ASH.) Leaflets oblong, oval or lance-ovate, obtuse (sometimes
abruptly sharp-pointed), usually doubly serrate with rather spreading
teeth, generally pale beneath. Leaf-buds somewhat hairy. Flowers and
berries larger, but in smaller clusters, than the preceding species. The
berries globose when ripe, 1/3 in. broad, bright red. This species, much
like Pyrus Americana, is found wild in northern New England and
westward.

[Illustration: P. aucuparia.]

9. =Pyrus aucuparia=, Gaertn. (EUROPEAN MOUNTAIN-ASH, OR ROWAN-TREE.)
Much like Pyrus Americana, but the leaflets are paler and more obtuse,
with their lower surface downy. Leaf-buds blunter and densely covered
with hairs. Flowers larger, 1/2 in. or more in diameter. Fruit also much
larger, sometimes nearly 1/2 in. in diameter. Beautiful tree, 20 to 30 ft.
high, often cultivated.

GENUS =38. CRATAEGUS.=

Thorny shrubs or small trees with simple, alternate, serrate, doubly
serrate or lobed leaves. Flowers cherry-like blossoms, usually white in
color and growing in corymbs, generally on the ends of side shoots; in
spring. Fruit a berry or drupe with 1 to 5 bony stones, tipped with the
5 persistent calyx-teeth; ripe in autumn.

* Calyx, stipules, bracts, etc., often glandular. (=A.=)

=A.= Flowers and fruit often over 6 in a cluster. (=B.=)

=B.= Leaves usually abrupt at base 1.

=B.= Leaves usually attenuate at base 2.

=A.= Flowers and fruit few, 1 to 6 in a cluster 10.

* Calyx, etc., without glands (No. 4 has glandular teeth to the
calyx); flowers many in a cluster. (=C.=)

=C.= Leaves more or less tapering at base. (=D.=)

=D.= Leaves generally lobed; cultivated, rarely escaped 3.

=D.= Leaves rarely lobed; native. (=E.=)

=E.= Leaves small, shining, crenate at the end 5.

=E.= Leaves villous or pubescent, at least when young 9.

=E.= Leaves smooth or only downy at the axils,
acutely serrate. South 7.

=C.= Leaves usually abrupt at base, sometimes cordate. (=F.=)

=F.= Leaves downy when young. (=G.=)

=G.= Leaves usually lobed 4.