865). See also
Henry Curwen, _History of Booksellers_ (1873); and Heinrich Lempertz,
_Bilder-Hefte zur Geschichte des Bucherhandels_ (Cologne, 1854).

BOOLE, GEORGE (1815-1864), English logician and mathematician, was born
in Lincoln on the 2nd of November 1815. His father was a tradesman of
limited means, but of studious character and active mind. Being
especially interested in mathematical science, the father gave his son
his first lessons; but the extraordinary mathematical powers of George
Boole did not manifest themselves in early life. At first his favourite
subject was classics. Not until the age of seventeen did he attack the
higher mathematics, and his progress was much retarded by the want of
efficient help. When about sixteen years of age he became
assistant-master in a private school at Doncaster, and he maintained
himself to the end of his life in one grade or other of the scholastic
profession. Few distinguished men, indeed, have had a less eventful
life. Almost the only changes which can be called events are his
successful establishment of a school at Lincoln, its removal to
Waddington, his appointment in 1849 as professor of mathematics in the
Queen's College at Cork, and his marriage in 1855 to Miss Mary Everest,
who, as Mrs Boole, afterwards wrote several useful educational works on
her husband's principles.

To the public Boole was known only as the author of numerous abstruse
papers on mathematical topics, and of three or four distinct
publications which have become standard works. His earliest published
paper was one upon the "Theory of Analytical Transformations," printed
in the _Cambridge Mathematical Journal_ for 1839, and it led to a
friendship between Boole and D.F. Gregory, the editor of the journal,
which lasted until the premature death of the latter in 1844. A long
list of Boole's memoirs and detached papers, both on logical and
mathematical topics, will be found in the _Catalogue of Scientific
Memoirs_ published by the Royal Society, and in the supplementary volume
on _Differential Equations_, edited by Isaac Todhunter. To the
_Cambridge Mathematical Journal_ and its successor, the _Cambridge and
Dublin Mathematical Journal_, Boole contributed in all twenty-two
articles. In the third and fourth series of the _Philosophical Magazine_
will be found sixteen papers. The Royal Society printed six important
memoirs in the _Philosophical Transactions_, and a few other memoirs are
to b