passed a special law, enabling him, as an
alien, to own real property, and it is said to have been in reference to
this that the state received its nickname "Spain." Prince Napoleon
Lucien Charles Murat, the second son of Joachim Murat, also lived here
for many years; and the estate known as "Ironsides" was long the home of
Rear-Admiral Charles Stewart. The Camden & Amboy railway, begun in 1831
and completed from Bordentown to South Amboy (34 m.) in 1832, was one of
the first railways in the United States; in September 1831 the famous
engine "Johnny Bull," built in England and imported for this railway,
had its first trial at Bordentown, and a monument now marks the site
where the first rails were laid.
See E.M. Woodward, _Bonaparte's Park and the Murats_ (Trenton, 1879).
BORDERS, THE, a name applied to the territory on both sides of the
boundary line between England and Scotland. The term has also a literary
and historical as well as a geographical sense, and is most frequently
employed of the Scottish side. The line begins on the coast of
Berwickshire at a spot 3 m. N. by W. of Berwick, and, after running a
short distance W. and S., reaches the Tweed near the village of Paxton,
whence it keeps to the river to a point just beyond Carham. There it
strikes off S.S.E. to the Cheviot Hills, the watershed of which for 35
m. constitutes the boundary, which is thereafter formed by a series of
streams--Bells Burn, the Kershope, Liddel and Esk. After following the
last named for 1 m. it cuts across country due west to the Sark, which
it follows to the river's mouth at the head of the Solway Firth. The
length of the boundary thus described is 108 m., but in a direct line
from the Solway to the North Sea the distance is only 70 m. At the
extreme east end a small district of 8 sq. m., consisting of the tract
north of the Tweed which is not included in Scotland, forms the "bounds"
or "liberties" of Berwick, or the country of the borough and town of
Berwick-on-Tweed. At the extreme west between the Sark and Esk as far up
the latter as its junction with the Liddel, there was a strip of
country, a "No man's land," for generations the haunt of outlaws and
brigands. This was called the Debatable Land, because the possession of
it was a constant source of contention between England and Scotland
until its boundaries were finally adjusted in 1552. The English Border
counties are Northumberland and Cumberland, the Scottish Berwick
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