ed in Prussia for some years without plate or
vignette by Chodowiecki. It is not surprising, therefore, that the
catalogue of his works (Berlin, 1814) should include over 3000 items, of
which, however, the picture of "Jean Calas and his Family" is the only
one of any reputation. He became director of the Berlin Academy in 1797.
The title of the German Hogarth, which he sometimes obtained, was the
effect of an admiration rather imaginative than critical, and was
disclaimed by Chodowiecki himself. The illustrator of Lavater's _Essays
on Physiognomy_, the painter of the "Hunt the Slipper" in the Berlin
museum, had indeed but one point in common with the great
Englishman--the practice of representing actual life and manners. In
this he showed skilful drawing and grouping, and considerable
expressional power, but no tendency whatever to the use of the
grotesque.

His brother Gottfried (1728-1781) and son Wilhelm (1765-1803) painted
and engraved after the style of Daniel, and sometimes co-operated with
him.

CHOERILUS. (1) An Athenian tragic poet, who exhibited plays as early as
524 B.C. He was said to have competed with Aeschylus, Pratinas and even
Sophocles. According to F.G. Welcker, however, the rival of Sophocles
was a son of Choerilus, who bore the same name. Suidas states that
Choerilus wrote 150 tragedies and gained the prize 13 times. His works
are all lost; only Pausanias (i. 14) mentions a play by him entitled
_Alope_ (a mythological personage who was the subject of dramas by
Euripides and Carcinus). His reputation as a writer of satyric dramas is
attested in the well-known line

[Greek: enika men basileus en Choirilos en Saturois]

The Choerilean metre, mentioned by the Latin grammarians, is probably so
called because the above line is the oldest extant specimen. Choerilus
was also said to have introduced considerable improvements in theatrical
masks and costumes.

See A. Nauck, _Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta_ (1889); F.G. Welcker,
_Die griechischen Tragoedien_, pp. 18, 892.

(2) An epic poet of Samos, who flourished at the end of the 5th century
B.C. After the fall of Athens he settled at the court of Archelaus, king
of Macedonia, where he was the associate of Agathon, Melanippides, and
Plato the comic poet. The only work that can with certainty be
attributed to him is the [Greek: Perseis] or [Greek: Persika], a history
of the struggle of the Greeks against Persia, the central point of which