issemination.

During the winter of 1892-1893 cholera died down, but never wholly
ceased in Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary and France. With the return
of warm weather it showed renewed activity, and prevailed extensively
throughout Europe. The recorded mortality for the principal countries
was as follows:--Russia (chiefly western provinces), 41,047;
Austria-Hungary, 4669; France, 4000; Italy, 3036; Turkey, 1500; Germany,
298; Holland, 376; Belgium, 372; England, 139. Hardly any country
escaped altogether; but Europe suffered less than Arabia, Mesopotamia
and Persia. Cholera broke out at Mecca in June, and owing to the
presence of an exceptionally large number of pilgrims caused an
appalling mortality. The chief shereef estimated the mortality at
50,000. The pilgrims carried the disease to Asia Minor and
Constantinople. In Persia also a recrudescence took place and proved
enormously destructive. Dr. Barry estimated the mortality at 70,000. At
Hamburg, where new waterworks had been installed with sand filtration,
only a few sporadic cases occurred until the autumn, when a sudden but
limited rush took place, which was traced to a defect in the masonry
permitting unfiltered Elbe water to pass into the mains. In England
cholera obtained a footing on the Humber at Grimsby, and to a lesser
extent at Hull, and isolated attacks occurred in some 50 different
localities. Excluding a few ship-borne cases the registered number of
attacks was 287, with 135 deaths, of which 9 took place in London. It is
interesting to compare the mortality from cholera in England and Wales,
and in London, for each year in which it has prevailed since
registration began:--

+-------+------------------------+-------------------------+
| | England and Wales. | London. |
| +--------+---------------+--------+----------------+
| Year. | | Deaths per | | Deaths per |
| | Deaths.| 10,000 living.| Deaths.| 10,000 living.|
+-------+--------+---------------+--------+----------------+
| | | | | |
| 1848- | 1,908 | 1.1 | 652 | 2.9 |
| 1849 | 53,293 | 30.3 | 14,137 | 61.8 |
| | | | | |
| 1853- | 4,419 | 2.4 | 883 | 3.5 |
| 1854 | 20,097 | 10.9 | 10,738 | 42.8 |
| | |