| | |
| 1865- | 1,297 | 0.6 | 196 | 0.6 |
| 1866 | 14,378 | 6.8 | 5,596 | 18.4 |
| | | | | |
| 1893- | 135 | 0.05 | 9 | 0.002 |
| 1894 | nil | nil | nil | nil |
+-------+--------+---------------+--------+----------------+

In 1894 no deaths from cholera were recorded in England, but on the
continent it still prevailed over a wide area. In Russia over 30,000
persons died of it, in Germany about 500, but the most violent outbreak
was in Galicia, where upwards of 8000 deaths were registered. In 1895 it
still lingered, chiefly in Russia and Galicia, but with greatly
diminished activity. In that year Egypt, Morocco and Japan were
attacked, the last severely. The disease then remained in abeyance until
the severe epidemic in India in 1900.

Prevention

The great invasion just described was fruitful in lessons for the
prevention of cholera. It proved that the one real and sufficient
protection lies in a standing condition of good sanitation backed by an
efficient and vigilant sanitary administration. The experience of Great
Britain was a remarkable piece of evidence, but that of Berlin was
perhaps even more striking, for Berlin lay in the centre of four fires,
in direct and frequent communication with Hamburg, Russia, France and
Austria, and without the advantage of a sea frontier. Cholera was
repeatedly brought into Berlin, but never obtained a footing, and its
successful repression was accomplished without any irksome interference
with traffic or the ordinary business of life. The general success of
Great Britain and Germany in keeping cholera in check by ordinary
sanitary means completed the conversion of all enlightened nations to
the policy laid down so far back as 1865 by Sir John Simon, and
advocated by Great Britain at a series of international congresses--the
policy of abandoning quarantine, which Great Britain did in 1873, and
trusting to sanitary measures with medical inspection of persons
arriving from infected places. This principle was formally adopted at
the international conference ference held at Dresden in 1893, at which
a convention was signed by the delegates of Germany, Austria, Belgium,
France, Great Britain, Italy, Russia, Switzerland, Luxemburg, Montenegro
and the Netherlands. Under this instrument the practice i