bserve the Keltic termination,
-_orix_), Carvilius, Taximagulus, and Segonax, to attack the ships; in
which attempt they are repulsed with the loss of one of their principal
men, Lugot-_orix_.

The campaign ends in Caesar coming to terms with Cassibelaunus,
forbidding any attacks during his absence on Mandubratius and the
Trinobantes, and returning to Gaul with hostages.

From an incidental notice of the British boats in a different part of
Caesar's books, we learn that those on the Thames, like those on the
Severn, were made of wicker-work and hides--_coracles_ in short; and
from a passage of Avienus we learn that the Severn boats were like
those of the Thames--

Non hi carinas quippe pinu texere
Acereve norunt, non abiete, ut usus est,
Curvant faselos; sed rei ad miraculum
Navigia juncta semper aptant pellibus,
Corioque vastum saepe percurrunt salum.

Caesar's conquest was to all intents and purposes no conquest at all.
Nevertheless, Augustus received British ambassadors, and, perhaps, a
nominal tribute. Probably, this was on the strength of the dependence of
the Eastern Britons on some portion of Gaul. At any rate, there was no
invasion.

[Sidenote: A.D. 20 to 43.]

The latter part of the reign of Tiberius, and the short one of Caligula,
give us the palmy period for native Britain--the reign of Cynobelin, the
father of Caractacus, the last of her independent kings.

Coins have been found in many places; but as it is not always certain
that they were not Gallic, the proofs of a very early coinage in Britain
is inconclusive. Indeed, the notion that the tin trade--to which may be
added that in fur and salt--was carried on by barter is the more
probable. But the coins of Cynobelin are numerous. They have been well
illustrated;[4] are of gold and silver; and whether stamped in Gaul or
Britain, indicate civilization of commerce and industry. The measure of
the progress of Britain from the Stone period upwards, partly referrible
to indigenous development, partly to Gallic, and partly to Ph[oe]nician,
intercourse, is to be found in these coins. It is the civilization of a
brave people endowed with the arts of agriculture and metallurgy,
capable of considerable political organization, and with more than one
point of contact with the continent--their war-chariots, their language,
and their Druidism being their chief distinctive characters. Iron was in
use at this time--though, perhaps, it was rare