welfare work is something given
to the employee by the employer for the welfare of both. It is not
something the employee himself does to improve his own working
conditions.

We are told that employees should assume the management of welfare
work.

Should they install sanitary conveniences? Of course not.

Would they know the need of a wash room in a factory if they never
had had one? No.

Should they manage lunch rooms? A few employers have attempted
unsuccessfully to turn over the management of the lunch rooms to
the employees, the result being that one self-sacrificing
subofficial in each concern would find the burden entirely on his
shoulders before working hours, during working hours, and after
working hours. Employees cannot attend committee meetings during
working hours, and they are unwilling to do so afterwards, for
they generally have outside engagements. Furthermore, the
employees know nothing about the restaurant business. If they did,
they would probably be engaged in it instead of in their different
trades. All experiments along this line of which we have heard
have failed. The so-called "democratic idea," purely a fad, never
has been successfully operated.

Many employers would introduce welfare work into their
establishments were it not for the time and trouble needed for its
organization. The employment of a welfare director removes this
obstacle. Successful prosecution of welfare work requires
concentration of responsibility. All of its branches must be under
the supervision of one person, or efforts in different directions
may conflict, or special and perhaps pressing needs may escape
attention. Pressure of daily business routine usually relegates
welfare work to the last consideration, but the average employer
is interested in his men and is willing to improve their condition
if only their needs are brought to his attention.

[Illustration: FIRST LESSONS IN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE]

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| =Consumption= |
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| Is chiefly caused by the Filthy Habit of |
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| =SPITTING= |
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