ay be
added. As with the boys' schools, so these designed for girls were put
on foot, partly at least, from an ethical standpoint. Girls spending
their days in the factory and shop were in need of a refining influence,
and this the continuation school afforded. Courses were offered in the
German language, arithmetic, sewing and dressmaking. The efforts made to
give girls this training were not entirely successful. So many
objections to Sunday work were brought forward that it was discontinued.
The burdens of the day fell so heavily upon the girls that they were not
ambitious to attend evening classes. At the present time the schools are
more largely attended by girls who, during the day, remain in the
family, and in the school take up the household arts, sewing, cutting
out, and the like, and also languages, mathematics, geography, etc.,
gymnastics and music, shorthand and typewriting. It is hoped soon to
introduce cookery in all girls' schools. Drawing is given much
attention.

There are in Berlin, nine municipal continuation schools for girls,
which are, as the name indicates, maintained by the city.

III

TRADE SCHOOLS[1]

As has been indicated in another connection, the classification of trade
schools as such, is somewhat uncertain. It has been shown that many of
the present schools for special trades have evolved from the
continuation schools of the past. In the transition state it is
sometimes quite difficult to definitely place a certain school, whether
in the trade continuation, or trade group proper, or to class it with
the Industrieschulen. The trade continuation schools have largely
superseded the regular trade schools, in many localities at least, and
where this condition exists, trade instruction seems to be losing
ground, here the Fortbildungsschulen on the one hand, and regular
apprenticeships on the other, coming in to supplant trade teaching.

[Footnote 1: The two previous articles were published in the School
Bulletin for July and August, 1906.]

The seeming contradictory statements made here must be interpreted in
the spirit rather than in the letter, if the full meaning and
significance of the trade school is to be grasped. Trades are taught as
formerly. The point made is that while the trade school, per se, is
doing its work, boys are, more and more, being trained for their trades
in the so-called trades continuation schools