r tarred paper to
protect from rabbits. I prune in May to spread the top and thin the
fruit. I seldom thin the fruit, but it will pay to thin the last of May.
I fertilize with stable litter, but would advise it only on hill
orchards. I pasture the orchard with hogs and horses, and think it
advisable, and that it pays. My apples are troubled with codling-moth. I
spray during May, after the blossom has fallen, with kerosene emulsion,
sulphate of copper, and London purple, for codling-moth, blight, and
insects generally. I think I have reduced the codling-moth. I treat
borers with crude carbolic acid diluted with water. I dig around tree
down to the roots, dam outside, fill around tree with water and acid
strong enough to tingle your tongue. I hand-pick from ladders by the
ordinary method. Never sell in orchard; make cider of second- and
third-grade apples; feed culls to stock. My best markets are Holton and
Topeka; never have tried distant markets. Never dry any. Store but few
apples in an orchard cave, nine feet deep, eight feet wide by
twenty-four feet long. The apples are put on shelves about ten inches
deep.

* * * * *

H. L. JONES, Salina, Saline county: Have lived in Kansas forty-four
years; have an apple orchard of 6000 trees, planted from five to
twenty-five years. For market I prefer Missouri Pippin, Winesap,
Jonathan, Lowell, Cooper's Early White, Grimes's Golden Pippin, and
Wealthy. For family orchard would plant Early Harvest, Maiden's Blush,
Jonathan, Winesap, Missouri Pippin. Have tried and discarded Alexander
as a shy bearer which rots on the tree. Prefer bottom land here, sandy
soil, free from clay or hard-pan. Preferable with northeast slope. Plant
well-branched two-year-old trees; turn deep cross-furrows the distance
the trees are wanted apart; cultivate in corn until the trees are five
or six years old; after that use the plow and disc harrow and plant
nothing. I emphatically believe that windbreaks are essential. They may
be made of anything hardy and suitable, as Osage orange, box-elder,
walnut, etc. To protect from rabbits, wrap with grass or corn-stalks. I
only prune with shears and saw, to clear the limbs off the ground a
little. I believe stable litter is good for an orchard. I pasture very
little, and do not think it good for an orchard. I spray as soon as the
leaves start, with Paris green or London purple, mostly for canker-worm,
and doubt its effect upon codlin