sulphuric acid. It crystallizes in short hard
prisms, which are readily soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol. It
combines with many metallic sulphates (silver, zinc, cobalt, nickel, &c.)
to form double sulphates of the type Cs_2SO_4.RSO_4.6H_2O. It also forms a
caesium-alum Cs_2SO_4.Al_2(SO_4)_3.24H_2O. _Caesium nitrate_, CsNO_3, is
obtained by dissolving the carbonate in nitric acid, and crystallizes in
glittering prisms, which melt readily, and on heating evolve oxygen and
leave a residue of caesium nitrite. The carbonate, Cs_2CO_3,
silicofluoride, Cs_2SiF_6, borate, Cs_2O.3B_2O_3, and the sulphides
Cs_2S.4H_2O, Cs_2S_2.H_2O, Cs_2S_3.H_2O, Cs_2S_4 and Cs_2S_6.H_2O, are also
known.

Caesium compounds can be readily recognized by the two bright blue lines
(of wave length 4555 and 4593) in their flame spectrum, but these are not
present in the spark spectrum. The other lines include three in the green,
two in the yellow, and two in the orange.

CAESPITOSE (Lat. _caespes_, a sod), a botanical term for "growing in
tufts," like many grasses.

CAESTUS, or CESTUS (from Lat. _caedo_, strike), a gauntlet or boxing-glove
used by the ancient pugilists. Of this there were several varieties, the
simplest and least dangerous being the _meilichae_ ([Greek: meilichai]),
which consisted of strips of raw hide tied under the palm, leaving the
fingers bare. With these the athletes in the _palaestrae_ were wont to
practise, reserving for serious contests the more formidable kinds, such as
the _sphaerae_ ([Greek: sphairai]), which were sewn with small metal balls
covered with leather, and the terrible _murmekes_ ([Greek: murmekes]),
sometimes called "limb-breakers" ([Greek: guiotoroi]), which were studded
with heavy nails. The straps ([Greek: himantes]) were of different lengths,
many reaching to the elbow, in order to protect the forearm when guarding
heavy blows (see J.H. Krause, _Gymnastik und Agonistik der Hellenen_,
1841). The _caestus_ is to be distinguished from _cestus_ (=embroidered,
from [Greek: kentein]), an adjective used as a noun in the sense of
"girdle," especially the girdle of Aphrodite, which was supposed to have
the power of exciting love.

CAESURA (Lat. for "cutting," Gr. [Greek: tome]), in prosody, a rest or
pause, usually occurring about the middle of a verse, which is thereby
separated into two parts ([Greek: kola], members). In Greek and Latin
hexameters the best and most common caesura is the penthemimeral