and ca'ing (or
driving) whale. Many hundreds at a time are thus frequently driven ashore
and killed, when a herd enters one of the bays or fiords of the Faeroe
Islands or north of Scotland. The ca'ing whale of the North Pacific has
been distinguished as _G. scammoni_, while one from the Atlantic coast,
south of New Jersey, and another from the bay of Bengal, are possibly also
distinct. (See CETACEA.)

CAINOZOIC (from the Gr. [Greek: kainos], recent, [Greek: zoe], life), also
written Cenozoic (American), _Kainozoisch_, _Caenozoisch_ (German),
_Cenozoaire_ (Renevier), in geology, the name given to the youngest of the
three great eras of geological time, the other two being the Mesozoic and
Palaeozoic eras. Some authors have employed the term "Neozoic"
(_Neozoisch_) with the same significance, others have restricted its
application to the Tertiary epoch (_Neozoique_, De Lapparent). The
"Neogene" of Hoernes (1853) included the Miocene and Pliocene periods;
Renevier subsequently modified its form to _Neogenique_. The remaining
Tertiary periods were classed as Paleogaen by Naumaun in 1866. The word
"Neocene" has been used in place of Neozoic, but its employment is open to
objection.

Some confusion has been introduced by the use of the term Cainozoic to
include, on the one hand, the Tertiary period alone, and on the other hand,
to make it include both the Tertiary and the post-Tertiary or Quaternary
epochs; and in order that it may bear a relationship to the concepts of
time and faunal development similar to those indicated by the terms
Mesozoic and Palaeozoic it is advisable to restrict its use to the latter
alternative. Thus the Cainozoic era would embrace all the geological
periods from Eocene to Recent. (See TERTIARY and PLEISTOCENE.)

(J. A. H.)

[v.04 p.0950] CAIQUE (from Turk. _Kaik_), a light skiff or rowing-boat used
by the Turks, having from one to twelve rowers; also a Levantine sailing
vessel of considerable size.

CA IRA, a song of the French Revolution, with the refrain:--

"_Ah! ca ira, ca ira, ca ira!_
_Les aristocrates a la lanterne._"

The words, written by one Ladre, a street singer, were put to an older
tune, called "Le Carillon National," and the song rivalled the "Carmagnole"
(_q.v._) during the Terror. It was forbidden by the Directory.

CAIRD, EDWARD (1835-1908), British philosopher and theologian, brother of
John Caird (_q.v._), was born at Greenock on the 22nd of March 1835, and
educated