e no hesitation in accepting Turnbull as a
sobriquet conferred for some feat of strength and daring on a stalwart
Borderer. We find the corresponding Tornebeuf in Old French, and
Turnbuck also occurs. Trumbull and Trumble are variants due to
metathesis followed by assimilation (Chapter III), while Tremble is a
very degenerate form. In Knatchbull we have the obsolete verb knatch,
which in Mid. English meant to strike on the head, fell. Crawcour is
Fr. Crevecoeur, breakheart, which has also become a local name in
France. With Shacklock, shake-lock, and Sherlock, Shurlock,
shear-lock, we may compare Robin Hood's comrade Scathelock, though the
precise interpretation of all three names is difficult. Rackstraw,
rake-straw, corresponds to Fr. Grattepaille. Golightly means much the
same as Lightfoot (Chapter XIII), nor need we hesitate to regard the
John Gotobed who lived in Cambridgeshire in 1273 as a notorious
sluggard compared with whom his neighbour Serl Gotokirke was a shining
example. [Footnote: The name is still found in the same county.
Undergraduates contemporary with the author occasionally slaked their
thirst at a riverside inn kept by Bathsheba Gotobed.]

Telfer is Fr. Taillefer, the iron cleaver, and Henry II.'s yacht
captain was Alan Trenchemer, the sea cleaver. He had a contemporary
named Ventados, wind abaft.

Slocomb has assumed a local aspect, but may very well correspond to
Fr. Tardif or Ger. Muehsam, applied to some Weary Willie of the Middle
Ages. Doubtfire is a misspelling of Dout-fire, from the dialect dout,
to extinguish (do out), formed like don and doff. Fullalove, which
does not belong to the same formation, is also found as Plein d'amour--

"Of Sir Lybeux and Pleyndamour" (B, 2090)--

and corresponds to Ger. Liebevoll. Waddilove actually occurs in the
Hundred Rolls as Wade-in-love, presumably a nickname conferred on some
medieval Don Juan.

MISCELLANEOUS

There is one curious little group of nicknames which seem to
correspond to such Latin names as Piso, from pisum, a pea, and Cicero,
from cicer--

"Cicer, a small pulse, lesse than pease" (Cooper).

Such are Barleycorn and Peppercorn, the former found in French as
Graindorge. The rather romantic names Avenel and Peverel seem to be
of similar formation, from Lat. avena, oats, and piper, pepper. In
fact Peverel is found in Domesday as Piperellus, and Pepperell still
exists. With these may be mentioned Carbonel, correspondi