s
West.

The trees have grown well being about 18 feet tall and even more in
spread. They are multiple trunked having never been pruned. The foliage
is remarkably clean and glossy and has not been bothered by insects or
disease and it ripens and turns yellow in the late fall before killing
frosts at the end of October. Excessive late terminal growth is usually
winter-killed but this sort of growth has not been as great since
bearing started. The staminate flower buds are more likely to be winter
killed than the pistillate but the whole of them have never been
entirely killed.

The trees do not leaf out until mid-June, after the danger of killing
frosts is over. They have not been frost injured at any time in the
spring. The nuts ripen and are shed from the husks in late September and
early October while the tree is in full foliage. The nuts are shed
perfectly clean with husk either falling separately or remaining on the
tree. The nuts will germinate and seedlings have been raised. In 1953,
one tree bore 315 nuts. This number represents just a fraction of the
pistillate bloom, for while this tree is self fertile, the catkins bloom
for a much shorter period than the pistillate blossoms, the latter
extending over nearly a month.

In the same year that the above Carpathian variety of _Juglans regia_
was planted, my brother and I also planted some _Juglans mandshurica_
secured from F. L. Skinner of Dropmore, Manitoba which had originated in
Harbin, Manchuria. The resulting trees agree well with many of the
specimens in the Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum at Boston labelled
_Juglans mandshurica_. These trees have done remarkably well in Lubec,
the trunks being 8-9 inches in diameter, while the height is 15 feet or
more and the spread 20 feet. They have borne annually since 1939. They
are planted less than 1000 feet from the ocean exposed to the summer
storms, winter gales and salt spray. These trees leaf-out a month
earlier than the Carpathians yet the foliage has only been partially
frost injured once. Wind whipping sometimes injures the leaves in early
summer while they are still tender but this sort of injury has never
been serious.

The nuts are borne in clusters of up to six and the shells are hard and
thick. The flavor of the kernels is excellent having more character than
the butternut yet not as strong as the black walnut. Cracking is easy
with the Hershey nut cracker. The kernels resemble our American
buttern