left
out, as the vernacular form, single quotes, and Roman type of
'Brilliant' indicate quite clearly that it is a cultivar-name, and not
the name of a wild variety. In this shortened form, therefore, the name
would read simply:

_Sedum spectabile_ 'Brilliant'

and this is the normal method of writing the names of cultivars.

There are, however, two additional refinements that should be
mentioned--apart from the special case of cultivars derived from
hybrids, which I will deal with later. The first concerns those Latin
cultivar-names which are left over from the past. These should be
printed in Roman type and enclosed in single quotes to distinguish them
from Latin varietal names; thus one would write _Thuja orientalis_
'elegantissima,' where 'elegantissima' is a cultivar-name, but _Aesculus
octandra_ var. _vestita_, where _vestita_ is the name of a wild variety.

The second point refers to the omission of any authority after a
cultivar-name. Many cultivars are first described in reports of trials,
in catalogues, and other anonymous publications; this makes the quoting
of an authority impractical, but there is provision in the Code for
writing the raiser's or introducer's name in brackets after the
cultivar-name if so desired, thus: _Weigela_ 'Avalanche' (Lemoine).

2. Naming New Cultivars

_General_

Let us suppose that a nurseryman, park superintendent, or amateur
gardener has just flowered a batch of seedlings of, say, _Helenium_,
and that he spots one as being of a new type and worthy of propagation.
In due course he shows the plant at a fortnightly show, under a number,
and an Award of Merit is given to it. He must now find a cultivar-name
for his new plant. His first problem, of course, is to choose a name
that has not been used before in the genus _Helenium_. If he picks on a
very unusual personal name he can be fairly certain that he is the first
to use it. If, however, he prefers a more general name, like 'Innocence'
or 'Venus,' there is a danger that it has been used before. If there
existed a registration authority for _Helenium_ names, as there does,
for example, for names of Daffodils, he could, of course, consult this
authority, but in its absence he must do his best to comb the likely
literature--for example the Index to this JOURNAL, nurserymen's
catalogues, etc.--and to assure himself that his chosen name has not
already been used. His next step is to make certain that the name is in
accor