ies theou] has
been questioned but wrongly; see Maurice Croiset, _Essai sur Lucien_, 1882,
pp. 63, 204. I am glad to be able to cite the high authority of Noeldeke in
favor of its authenticity. Noeldeke writes me on this subject: "Ich habe
jeden Zweifel daran schon lange aufgegeben.... Ich habe lange den Plan
gehabt, einen Commentar zu diesem immerhin recht lehrreichen Stueck zu
schreiben and viel Material dazu gesammelt. Aus der Annahme der Echtheit
dieser Schrift ergiebt sich mir, dass auch das [Greek: Peri astronomias]
echt ist."

20. Cf. Frisch, _De compositione libri Plutarchei qui inscribitur_, [Greek:
Peri Isidos], Leipsic, 1906, and the observations of Neustadt, _Berl.
Philol. Wochenschr._, 1907, p. 1117.--One of Plutarch's sources is the
[Greek: Ioudaika] by Apion.--See also Scott Moncrieft, _Journ. of Hell.
Studies_, XIX, 1909, p. 81.

21. See ch. VII, pp. 202-203.

22. Cf. _Mon. myst. Mithra_, I, p. 75, p. 219.--For Egypt see Georges
Foucart, "L'art et la religion dans l'ancienne Egypte," _Revue des idees_,
Nov. 15, 1908.

23. The narrative and symbolic sculpture of the Oriental cults was a
preparation for that of the Middle Ages, and many remarks in Male's
beautiful book _L'Art du XIII^e siecle en France_, can be applied to the
art of dying paganism.

II. WHY THE ORIENTAL RELIGIONS SPREAD.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Boissier, _La religion romaine d'Auguste aux Antonins_,
especially Bk. II, ch. II.--Jean Reville, _La religion a Rome sous les
Severes_, Paris, 1886.--Wissowa, _Religion und Cultus der Roemer_, Munich,
1902, pp. 71 ff., 289 ff.--Samuel Dill, _Roman Society from Nero to Marcus
Aurelius_, London, 1905.--Bigg, _The Church's Task Under the Roman Empire_,
{219} Oxford, 1905.--Cf. also Gruppe, _Griech. Mythologie und
Religionsgeschichte_, 1906, pp. 1519 ff.--Wendland, _Die
hellenistisch-roemische Kultur in ihren Beziehungen zum Judentum und zum
Christentum_, Tuebingen, 1907, pp. 54 f.--The monographs will be cited in
connection with the different cults which they treat.

1. _Melanges Fredericq_, Brussels, 1904, pp. 63 ff. (_Pourquoi le latin fut
la seule langue liturgique de l'Occident_); cf. the observations of Lejay,
_Rev. d'hist. et litt. relig._, XI, 1906, p. 370.

2. Holl, _Volkssprache in Kleinasien_ (_Hermes_, 1908, pp. 250 ff.).

3. The volume of Hahn, _Rom und Romanismus im griechisch-roemischen Osten
bis auf die Zeit Hadrians_ (Leipsic, 1906) discusses a period for the most
part prior to the o