2. Cf. Chapot, _Les destinees de l'hellenisme au dela l'Euphrate_ (_Mem.
soc. antiq. de France_), 1902, pp. 207 ff.

3. Humbert in Daremberg and Saglio, _Dictionnaire_, s. v. "Amici," I, p.
228 (cf. 160). Cf. Friedlaender, _Sittengesch._, I, pp. 202 ff.

4. Cf. _L'Eternite des empereurs romains_ (_Rev. d'hist. et de litt.
relig._, I), 1896, p. 442.

5. Friedlaender (_loc. cit._, p. 204) has pointed out several instances
where Augustus borrowed from his distant predecessors the custom of keeping
a journal of the palace, of educating the children of noble families at
court, etc. Certain public institutions were undoubtedly modeled on them;
for instance, the organization of the mails (Otto Hirschfeld,
_Verwaltungsbeamten_, p. 190, n. 2; Rostovtzev, _Klio_, VI, p. 249 (on
angariae)); cf. Preisigke, _Die Ptolemaeische Staatspost_ (_Klio_, VII, p.
241), that of the secret police (Friedlaender, I, p. 427).--On the Mazdean
_Hvareno_ who became [Greek: Tuche basileos], then _Fortuna Augusti_, cf.
_Mon. myst. Mithra_, I, pp. 284 ff.--Even Mommsen (_Roem. Gesch._, V, p.
343), although {262} predisposed to look for the continuity of the Roman
tradition, adds, after setting forth the rules that obtained at the court
of the Parthians: "Alle Ordnungen die mit wenigen Abminderungen bei den
roemischen Caesaren wiederkehren und vielleicht zum Teil von diesen der
aelteren Grossherrschaft entlehnt sind."--Cf. also _infra_, ch. VIII, n. 19.

6. Friedlaender, _loc. cit._, p. 204; cf. p. 160.

7. Bousset, _Die Religion des Judentums im neutestam. Zeitalter_, 1903 (2d
ed. 1906), pp. 453 ff., _passim_.

8. Cf. _Mon. myst. Mithra_, I, pp. 21 ff.

9. Cf. _infra_, ch. VII, pp. 188 ff.

10. _Mon. myst. Mithra_, I, pp. 9 ff., pp. 231 ff.

11. Lactantius, _De mort. persec._, 21, 2; cf. Seeck, _Gesch. des
Untergangs der antiken Welt_, II, pp. 7 ff.

12. Cf. Strzygowski, _Mschatta_ (_Jahrb. preuss. Kunstsammlungen_, XXV),
Berlin, 1904, pp. 324 ff., 371 ff.--From a communication made to the
Congress of Orientalists at Copenhagen (1908) by Father Lammens, it would
appear that the facade of Mschatta is the work of an Omaiyad kalif of
Damascus, and Strzygowski's conclusions would, therefore, have to be
modified considerably; but the influence of Sassanid art in Syria is
nevertheless certain; see Dussaud, _Les Arabes en Syrie avant l'Islam_,
1907, pp. 33, 51 ff.

13. Cf. _infra_, n. 32.

14. Plutarch, _V. Pompei_, 24:

[Greek: Xenas de thusi