rae, pro, sub, super.

These verbs fall into two main classes,--

1. Many simple verbs which cannot take a Dative of the indirect object
become capable of doing so when compounded with a preposition; as,--

afflictis succurrit, _he helps the aflicted_;

exercitui praefuit, _he was in command of the army_;

intersum consiliis, _I share in the deliberations_.

2. Many transitive verbs which take only a direct object become capable,
when compounded, of taking a dative also as indirect object; as,--

pecuniae pudorem anteponit, _he puts honor before money_;

inicere spem amicis, _to inspire hope in one's friends_;

munitioni Labienum praefecit, _he put Labienus in charge of the
fortifications_.

Dative of Reference.

188. 1. The Dative of Reference denotes the person _to whom a statement
refers, of whom it is true_, or _to whom it is of interest;_ as,--

mihi ante oculos versaris, _you hover before my eyes_ (lit. _hover
before the eyes to me_);

illi severitas amorem non deminuit, _in his case severity did not
diminish love_ (lit. _to him severity did not diminish_);

intercludere inimicis commeatum, _to cut of the supplies of the enemy._

a. Note the phrase alicui interdicere aqua et igni, _to interdict one
from fire and water_.

NOTE.--The Dative of Reference, unlike the Dative of Indirect Object, does
not modify the verb, but rather the sentence as a whole. It is often used
where, according to the English idiom, we should expect a Genitive; so in
the first and third of the above examples.

2. Special varieties of the Dative of Reference are--

a) Dative of the Local Standpoint. This is regularly a participle; as,--

oppidum primum Thessaliae venientibus ab Epiro, _the first town of
Thessaly as you come from Epirus_ (lit. _to those coming from Epirus_).

b) Ethical Dative. This name is given to those Dative constructions of
the personal pronouns in which the connection of the Dative with the rest
of the sentence is of the very slightest sort; as,--

tu mihi istius audaciam defendis? _tell me, do you defend that man's
audacity?_

quid mihi Celsus agit? _what is my Celsus doing?_

c) Dative of Person Judging; as,--

erit ille mihi semper deus, _he will always be a god to me_ (i.e. in my
opinion);

quae ista servitus tam claro homini, _how can that be slavery to so
illustrious a man_ (i.e. to his min