with eagerness to speak that I
have seen in no one a greater desire_ (Direct statement: in nullo vidi,
_I have seen in no one_).
NOTE.--This usage is different from that cited under 6. Here, by neglect of
Sequence, the Perfect is used, though a principal tense; there the Perfect
was used as an historical tense.
b) We may have a principal tense followed by the Perfect Subjunctive used
historically; as,--
nescio quid causae fuerit cur nullas ad me litteras dares, _I do not
know what reason there was why you did not send me a letter_.
Here fuerit is historical, as is shown by the following Imperfect
Subjunctive.
Method of Expressing Future Time in the Subjunctive.
269. The Future and Future Perfect, which are lacking to the Latin
Subjunctive, are supplied in subordinate clauses as follows:--
1. a) The Future is supplied by the Present after principal tenses, by the
Imperfect after historical tenses.
b) The Future Perfect is supplied by the Perfect after principal tenses,
by the Pluperfect after historical tenses.
This is especially frequent when the context clearly shows, by the
presence of a future tense in the main clause, that the reference is to
future time. Thus:--
Galli pollicentur se facturos, quae Caesar imperet, _the Gauls promise
they will do what Caesar shall order_;
Galli pollicebantur se facturos, quae Caesar imperaret, _the Gauls
promised they would do what Caesar should order_;
Galli pollicentur se facturos quae Caesar imperaverit, _the Gauls
promise they will do what Caesar shall have ordered_;
Galli pollicebantur se facturos quae Caesar imperavisset, _the Gauls
promised they would do what Caesar should have ordered._
2. Even where the context does not contain a Future tense in the main
clause, Future time is often expressed in the subordinate clauses by the
Present and Imperfect Subjunctive. Thus:--
timeo ne veniat, _I am afraid he will come_;
Caesar exspectabat quid consili hostes caperent, _Caesar was waiting to
see what plan the enemy would adopt_.
3. Where greater definiteness is necessary, the periphrastic forms in -urus
sim and -urus essem are employed, especially in clauses of Result, Indirect
Questions, and after non dubito quin; as,--
non dubito quin pater venturus sit, _I do not doubt that my father will
come_;
non dubitabam quin pater venturus esset, _I did not
|