ut 60,000; in addition, since April 1994 more than a half
million refugees from Rwanda have taken refuge in Tanzania to escape
civil strife in Rwanda

Infant mortality rate: 109 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 42.53 years
male: 40.88 years
female: 44.22 years (1995 est.)

Total fertility rate: 6.15 children born/woman (1995 est.)

Nationality:
noun: Tanzanian(s)
adjective: Tanzanian

Ethnic divisions:
mainland: native African 99% (consisting of well over 100 tribes),
Asian, European, and Arab 1%
Zanzibar: NA

Religions:
mainland: Christian 45%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 20%
Zanzibar: Muslim 99% plus

Languages: Swahili (official; widely understood and generally used for
communication between ethnic groups and is used in primary education),
English (official; primary language of commerce, administration, and
higher education)
note: first language of most people is one of the local languages

Literacy: age 15 and over has ability to read and write a letter or
message in Kisahili (1988)
total population: 59%
male: 71%
female: 48%

Labor force: 732,200 wage earners
by occupation: agriculture 90%, industry and commerce 10% (1986 est.)

@Tanzania:Government

Names:
conventional long form: United Republic of Tanzania
conventional short form: Tanzania
former: United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar

Digraph: TZ

Type: republic

Capital: Dar es Salaam
note: some government offices have been transferred to Dodoma, which
is planned as the new national capital by the end of the 1990s

Administrative divisions: 25 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma,
Iringa, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Lindi, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara,
Mwanza, Pemba North, Pemba South, Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga,
Singida, Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar Central/South, Zanzibar North,
Zanzibar Urban/West, Ziwa Magharibi

Independence: 26 April 1964; Tanganyika became independent 9 December
1961 (from UN trusteeship under British administration); Zanzibar
became independent 19 December 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united with
Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and
Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 October 1964

National holiday: Union Day, 26 April (1964)

Constitution: 25 April 1977; major revisions October 1984

Legal system: based on English common law; judicial review of
legislati