; produced 35-70 metric tons in 1993; net
opiate importer but also a key transshipment point for Southwest Asian
heroin to Europe

Economic aid:
recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-80), $1 billion;
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-89), $1.675 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $976 million

note: aid fell sharply following the 1979 revolution

Currency: 10 Iranian rials (IR) = 1 toman; note - domestic figures are
generally referred to in terms of the toman

Exchange rates: Iranian rials (IR) per US$1 - 1,749.04 (January 1995),
1,748.75 (1994), 1,267.77 (1993), 65.552 (1992), 67.505 (1991); black
market rate: 3,000 rials per US$1 (December 1994)

Fiscal year: 21 March - 20 March

@Iran:Transportation

Railroads:
total: 4,850 km; note - 480 km under construction from Bafq to
Bandar-e 'Abbas; segment from Bafq to Sirjan has been completed and is
operational; section from Sirjan to Bandar-e 'Abbas still under
construction
broad gauge: 90 km 1.676-m gauge
narrow gauge: 4,760 km 1.432-m gauge

Highways:
total: 140,200 km
paved: 42,694 km
unpaved: gravel, crushed stone 46,866 km; improved earth 49,440 km;
unimproved earth 1,200 km

Inland waterways: 904 km; the Shatt al Arab is usually navigable by
maritime traffic for about 130 km; channel has been dredged to 3
meters and is in use

Pipelines: crude oil 5,900 km; petroleum products 3,900 km; natural
gas 4,550 km

Ports: Abadan (largely destroyed in fighting during 1980-88 war),
Ahvaz, Bandar Beheshti, Bandar-e 'Abbas, Bandar-e Anzali, Bandar-e
Bushehr, Bandar-e Khomeyni, Bandar-e Mah Shahr, Bandar-e Torkeman,
Jazireh-ye Khark, Jazireh-ye Lavan, Jazireh-ye Sirri, Khorramshahr
(limited operation since November 1992), Now Shahr

Merchant marine:
total: 132 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,816,820 GRT/6,991,693
DWT
ships by type: bulk 48, cargo 38, chemical tanker 5, combination bulk
2, liquefied gas tanker 1, oil tanker 26, refrigerated cargo 3,
roll-on/roll-off cargo 8, short-sea passenger 1

Airports:
total: 261
with paved runways over 3,047 m: 28
with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 12
with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 32
with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 20
with paved runways under 914 m: 46
with unpaved runways over 3,047 m: 2
with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 18
with unpaved runways 914 t