ry; consistent northeast trade winds
with little seasonal temperature variation

Terrain: mostly flat with a maximum elevation of 4 meters

Natural resources: guano (deposits worked until about 1890)

Land use:
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 0%
forest and woodland: 0%
other: 100%

Irrigated land: 0 sq km

Environment:
current issues: no natural fresh water resources
natural hazards: NA
international agreements: NA

Note: strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; Johnston Island
and Sand Island are natural islands; North Island (Akau) and East
Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral dredging; closed
to the public; former nuclear weapons test site; site of Johnston
Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS); some low-growing
vegetation

@Johnston Atoll:People

Population: 327 (July 1995 est.)

Population growth rate: 0% (1995 est.)

Birth rate: NA

Death rate: NA

Net migration rate: NA

Infant mortality rate: NA

Life expectancy at birth: NA

Total fertility rate: NA

@Johnston Atoll:Government

Names:
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Johnston Atoll

Digraph: JQ

Type: unincorportated territory of the US administered by the US
Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) and managed cooperatively by DNA and the
Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part
of the National Wildlife Refuge system

Capital: none

Diplomatic representation in US: none (territory of the US)

US diplomatic representation: none (territory of the US)

Flag: the flag of the US is used

@Johnston Atoll:Economy

Overview: Economic activity is limited to providing services to US
military personnel and contractors located on the island. All food and
manufactured goods must be imported.

Electricity: supplied by the management and operations contractor

@Johnston Atoll:Transportation

Railroads: 0 km

Highways:
total: NA
paved: NA
unpaved: NA

Ports: Johnston Island

Airports:
total: 1
with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1

@Johnston Atoll:Communications

Telephone system: NA telephones; excellent system including 60-channel
submarine cable, Autodin/SRT terminal, digital telephone switch,
Military Affiliated Radio System (MARS station), and UHF/VHF
air-ground radio
local: NA
intercity: NA
international: NA

Radio:
broadcast stations: AM NA, FM NA, s