5 INTELSAT (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth
stations; submarine cables to US (via Guam), Philippines, China, and
Russia

Radio:
broadcast stations: AM 318, FM 58, shortwave 0
radios: 95 million

Television:
broadcast stations: 12,350 (1 kW or greater 196)
televisions: 100 million

@Japan:Defense Forces

Branches: Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (Army), Japan Maritime
Self-Defense Force (Navy), Japan Air Self-Defense Force (Air Force)

Manpower availability: males age 15-49 31,947,532; males fit for
military service 27,494,758; males reach military age (18) annually
910,970 (1995 est.)

Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $47.2 billion, 1% of
GDP (FY95/96)

________________________________________________________________________

JARVIS ISLAND

(territory of the US)

@Jarvis Island:Geography

Location: Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half
of the way from Hawaii to the Cook Islands

Map references: Oceania

Area:
total area: 4.5 sq km
land area: 4.5 sq km
comparative area: about 7.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington,
DC

Land boundaries: 0 km

Coastline: 8 km

Maritime claims:
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm

International disputes: none

Climate: tropical; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun

Terrain: sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef

Natural resources: guano (deposits worked until late 1800s)

Land use:
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 0%
forest and woodland: 0%
other: 100%

Irrigated land: 0 sq km

Environment:
current issues: no natural fresh water resources
natural hazards: the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can
be a maritime hazard
international agreements: NA

Note: sparse bunch grass, prostrate vines, and low-growing shrubs;
primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds,
shorebirds, and marine wildlife; feral cats

@Jarvis Island:People

Population: uninhabited; note - Millersville settlement on western
side of island occasionally used as a weather station from 1935 until
World War II, when it was abandoned; reoccupied in 1957 during the
International Geophysical Year by scientists who left in 1958; public
entry is by special-use permit only and generally restricted to
scientists and educators

@Jarvis Island:Government

Names:
conventional lon