s of cavalry attempted a raid into
Russian territory near the Bessarabian frontier. Within forty-eight
hours they were hurled back. Beyond local skirmishes and maneuvering
for positions, nothing of importance happened from March 4 till the
15th, when the Russians attacked the main Austrian forces southeast
of Czernowitz. Crossing the River Pruth opposite Ludihorecza, which
lies about 600 feet high, and where the Czernowitz waterworks are
situated, the Russians occupied the place and threatened the Austrian
position in the town, around which pressed laborers were digging
trenches night and day for the defenders. Along the line between
Sadagora and Old Zuczka the Russians had been settled for over six
months. The Austrians attacked this position on March 21, 1915,
with the aid of reenforcements and compelled the Russians to evacuate
Sadagora. While falling back in the south the Russians endeavored
to advance in the north, from the direction of Czerniavka, and
outflank the Austrians. Violent fighting raged for several days,
especially northeast from Czernowitz to beyond Rarancze, with the
result that the Russians were compelled to withdraw toward Bojan,
near their own frontier, on March 27. Three days later some Hungarian
Honved battalions, who had penetrated into Russian territory near
Szylowce, were surrounded by Cossacks and severely handled. Besides
many killed and wounded the Austrians lost over 1,000 prisoners,
and by April 2, 1915, the Russians had thrown the remainder back
across their borders. On April 10, 1915, the Russians withdrew
from Boyan, but returned on the 14th. Here, at the close of April,
they concentrated large reenforcements and recovered most of the
ground they had lost since the middle of March.

Some twenty miles northwest of Czernowitz, sheltered in a loop of
the Dniester, lies an important fortified town called Zaleszczyki.
It had a population of over 76,000, and is a station on the branch
line connecting Czortkow junction with the Kolomca-Czernowitz railway.
From the dense forests east of the town an Austrian column commanded
by Count von Bissingen had attempted during the night of March 22-23,
1915, to turn the adjacent Russian positions, held by Cossacks and
Siberian fusiliers. A furious fight developed, and the Austro-Hungarian
column, which included some of the finest troops, was repulsed with
heavy loss. Two other attempts were made here, on April 10 and
17, 1915. On the latter date a deta