among the
commanding officers of the Austro-German armies; the new dispositions
of groups along the battle line differ considerably from those
which obtained during the fighting for the passes. The line was
now enormously strengthened, and more compact. This applies only
to the Germanic side; there is little change on the Russian. At
this stage the Russian front on the west of Galicia extended from
Opatovie on the Polish frontier along the Dunajec, Biala, and Ropa
Rivers by Tarnow, Ciezkovice, and Gorlice down to Zboro in Hungary;
from here it runs eastward past Sztropko, Krasnilbrod, Virava,
and Nagy Polena to the Uzsok Pass, a distance of about 120 miles.
Ewarts commanded the army on the Nida; the Dunajec-Biala line was
still held by Dmitrieff, Commander in Chief of the Eighth Russian
Army; Brussilov still commanded the main army of the Carpathians,
and Lechitsky in the Bukowina in the place of Alexeieff, who had
succeeded General Russky in the northern group. The whole southern
group, from the Nida to the Sereth inclusive, was under the supreme
command of General Ivanoff. Facing Dmitrieff on the Dunajec front
stood now the Fourth Austro-Hungarian Army under the Archduke Joseph
Ferdinand, about five army corps, including a German cavalry division
under General von Besser; then the Ninth and Fourteenth Austrian
Army Corps; to their right, several Tyrolese regiments; the Sixth
Austro-Hungarian Army Corps of General Arz von Straussenburg, with
the Prussian Guards on his left and Bavarian troops under Von Emmich
on his right; the Eleventh German Army Corps under Von Mackensen; the
Third Austro-Hungarian Army under General Boroyevitch von Bojna; the
Tenth Army Corps under General Martiny. This formidable combination
now confronted the Dunajec-Biala positions, which Dmitrieff had
held without exertion for four months. Only a mile or two away he
still inspected his trenches and conducted his minor operations,
totally unconscious of the brewing storm specially directed against
him. The Laborza district was held by the Archduke Joseph with the
Seventh Army Corps; on his left stood a German corps under Von
Marwitz, and on his right the Tenth Army Corps, north of Bartfeld,
with some additional forces in between. Around the Lupkow and Uzsok
passes the Second Austro-Hungarian Army under Boehm-Ermolli was
stationed where it had been since February, 1915. Next, on the
right, the Austro-Hungarian army corps under Von Goglia; in the