(6) Flight from giant or wizard.

(7) Success of youngest.

(8) Marriage test, to perform tasks.

(9) Grateful beasts.

(10) Strong man and his comrades.

(11) Adventure with Ogre, and trick.

(12) Descent to Hades.

(13) False bride.

(14) Bride with animal children.

From a less scientific view some of the common motifs noticeable in
the fairy tales, which however would generally fall under one of the
heads given by Lang, might be listed:--

(1) Child wandering into a home; as in _Three Bears_ and
_Snow White_.

(2) Transformation; simple, as in _Puss-in-Boots_; by
love, as in _Beauty and the Beast_, by sprinkling with
water, as in _Beauty and the Beast_ or by bathing, as in
_Catskin_; by violence, as in _Frog Prince_ and _White
Cat_.

(3) Tasks as marriage tests; as in _Cinderella_.

(4) Riddle test; as in _Peter, Paul, and Espen_; questions
asked, as in _Red Riding Hood_.

(5) Magic sleep; as in _Sleeping Beauty_.

(6) Magic touch; as in _Golden Goose_.

(7) Stupid person causing royalty to laugh; as in _Lazy Jack_.

(8) Exchange; as in _Jack and the Beanstalk_.

(9) Curiosity punished; as in _Bluebeard_ and _Three Bears_.

(10) Kindness to persons rewarded; as in _Cinderella, Little
Two-Eyes_, and _The House in the Wood_.

(11) Kindness to animals repaid; as in _Thumbelina, Cinderella_,
and _White Cat_.

(12) Industry rewarded; as in _Elves and the Shoemaker_.

(13) Hospitality rewarded; as in _Tom Thumb_.

(14) Success of a venture; as in _Dick Whittington_.

After studying the tale as folk-lore, know it as literature. Master it
as a classic, test it as literature, to see wherein lies its appeal to
the emotions, its power of imagination, its basis of truth, and its
quality of form; study it as a short-story and view it as a piece of
narration. It is rather interesting to note that you can get all there
is in a tale from any one point of view. If you follow the sequence as
setting, through association you get the whole, as may be seen by
referring to _Chanticleer and Partlet_ under the heading, "Setting,"
in the chapter on the "Short-Story." Or, if you follow the successive
doings of the characters you get the whole, as may be observed in the
story of _Medio Pollito_, described late