erers who attacked us on our
first entrance into this country. The Kilgris are located southward,
beyond Aghadez, along the Sakkatou route, and even far into Soudan,
where the influence of the Targhee races seems to be rapidly on the
increase.

According to some of the Tanelkum Sheikhs, the following are the names
of the principal Targhee tribes scattered over the desert of Sahara,
excluding the inhabitants of Aheer:--

1. Ouraghen family of Shafou.

2. Emanghasatan " of Hateetah.

3. Amana " of Jabour.

These are Ghat Tuaricks--Azghers.[9]

4. Aheethanaran, the tribe of Janet.

5. Hagar (Ahagar), pure Hagars and Maghatah, who stand to them somewhat
in the relation of the Kourglouss of Algiers to the Turks. They occupy
the tract between Ghat, Tuat, and Timbuctoo.

6. Sagamaram; located on the route from Aisou to Tuat.

7. Oulimad; tribes surrounding Timbuctoo in great numbers. In
conjunction with the Berebisheers, a tribe of Arabs, they shut up the
road between Aghadez and Timbuctoo by their predatory character.

8. Tanelkum, located in Fezzan.

[9] The three tribes of Ghat are called Azgher, in
contradiction to the Hagar. A Tanelkum explained the
meaning of this last word (which I have usually written
Haghar) to mean "wandering" or "wanderers." The word is
sometimes written Hogar.

We have been making inquiries of the Tanelkums about the population of
Ghat and its deserts. The Tanelkums say, that ten or twelve years ago
Khanouhen brought up about ten thousand maharees against the then
masters of Mourzuk, the Walad Suleiman, headed by Abd-el-Galeel. The ten
thousand maharees were the whole force and strength of the Azgher,
Khanouhen having called out every male; for every man of the Azgher is a
warrior. The Arabs, seeing the number of the Tuaricks, deemed it
expedient to make peace. From this circumstance, it would be supposed
that the Azgher may number from five to ten thousand families, nearly
all located west of the Soudan route, along the lines of the Ghadamez
and Tuat routes; where, it is said, there are fertile valleys, in which
dates and corn are cultivated. But at Ghat I could never learn anything
of these wadys. During my last visit I had no time, and the people there
had no inclination to give me information about this fertile portion of
the Azgher desert. On the former occasion, I learned from Haj Ahmed that
there was a running stream, on the bank