perhaps, to the animal and vegetable matters suspended in
it. Its specific gravity varies from 1.0269 to 1.0285; and it does not
freeze until cooled down to 28.5 deg. Fahrenheit. Its medicinal properties
are the same as those of the saline purgative waters, but more powerful;
and as a bath, its efficacy is much superior to that of fresh water.

The general effects of mineral waters are modified by temperature,
whether they be taken internally, or applied externally.

In some _Warm Saline Springs_ as those of Plombieres, and Bains, in the
department of Vosges; Luxeuil, dep. Haute Saone; Bourbon-Lancy, dep.
Saone-et-Loire; Bourbonne-les-Bains, dep. Haute-Marne; Chaudes-Aigues,
dep. Cantal; Avene, Balaruc, dep. l'Herault; La Motte, dep. l'Isere;
Bagnols, dep. l'Orne; Aix-en-Provence; dep. Bouches-du-Rhone;
St.-Laurent-Les-Bains, dep. l'Ardeche; Sylvanes, dep. l'Aveyron;
Cap-Bern, Bagneres, Bigorre, dep. Upper Pyrenees; Encausse, dep.
Haute-Garonne; Neris, dep. l'Allier; their virtues depend principally on
the height of temperature. And in others which have been found to
contain scarcely any foreign matter, the simple diluent power of the
pure water seems to produce the benefit that results from drinking them.

ACIDULOUS. Waters of this class owe their properties chiefly to Carbonic
Acid. They sparkle when drawn from the spring, or when poured into a
glass; have an acidulous taste, and become vapid when exposed to the
air. Besides free carbonic acid, on the presence of which these
qualities depend, acidulous waters contain generally carbonates of Soda,
of Lime, of Magnesia, and of Iron; and sometimes muriate of Soda.

They may be divided into _thermal_ or _warm acidulous waters_, and _cold
acidulous waters_.

The temperature of the former rarely exceeds 72 deg. F. while that of the
latter is generally about 55 deg. F. Of the warm acidulous waters are those
of Mont-D'or, Saint Nectaire, Clermont-Ferrand, in the department of
Puy-de-Dome; Vichy, Bourbon-l'Archambault, dep. l'Allier; Audinac,
Ussat, dep. l'Arriege; Chateauneuf, Saint-Mart, Chatel-guion, dep.
Puy-de-Dome; Dax, dep. Landes; Saint Alban on the left of the river
Loire.

Of the _cold acidulous waters_ there is Pougues in the department of
Nievre; Chateldon, Bar, Saint-Myon, Medague, Vic-le-Comte, dep.
Puy-de-Dome; Mont-Brison, Saint-Galmier, dep. Loire; Langeac, dep.
Haute-Loire. They are tonic and diuretic; and in large doses produce a
sensible degree of ex