epresented as wearing on his garments and
bracelets another familiar and expressive emblem of centralization and
unity in diversity, the composite flower or rosette.

The sacred ship or ark of the Babylonian temple remains to be discussed.
Diodorus Seculus says that, according to Babylonian notions, "the world is
'a boat turned upside down' and resting on the waters. The appearance in
outline of this image presented the three divisions of the universe: the
heavens=Anu upheld by the serpent body of Tiamat; the earth, the dwelling
of Bel-Marduk, the 'chief of gods;' and the watery deep or 'Apsu' beneath,
the dwelling of Ea" (Jastrow). This imagery authorizes the inference that
the sacred ship or ark was associated with this conception of the earth as
a boat resting on the line dividing the sky from the watery deep. It can
readily be seen how a maritime people would be inclined to fancy that the
celestial bodies floated in the sky on invisible boats and that a single
one among them was apparently resting on a stable rock or mountain around
which other stars circled perpetually. That an analogous train of thought
should have caused the ultimate consecration of a tabernacle in the form
of a ship, to the central deity, entitled "the great mountain," appears as
inevitable as the idea that all life proceeded from this source. Professor
Jastrow tells us that the early significance of the custom of carrying the
gods in consecrated ships became lost, but that it survived in Babylonia
and Egypt and that the ark of the Hebrews appears, similarly, to have been
originally a ship of some kind. I am indebted to Dr. Wallis Budge for the
interesting information that each day, in the temple of Ptah at Memphis,
an image of the god Seker was dragged around the altar by the priests.

Bringing the preceding tentative study of the ancient civilization of
Babylonia-Assyria to a close, I venture to affirm that, imperfect as it
is, it clearly establishes certain important points connected with the
present investigation. It demonstrates that a primitive pole-star worship
existed and still exists in the Euphratean valley, accompanied by the
employment of the swastika or cross-symbol and by the identical
fundamental set of ideas which form the basis not only of other Asiatic,
but also of the American civilizations. The Middle is associated with
special sanctity, fixity and supremacy of power and rule, extending in
rotation over the Above and Below and